EXTERNAL ALARMS AT BTS SITES

SUBMITTED BY,
NIDHIN JOY
INTRODUCTION

• Alarms are used to monitor various activities

• Alarms are classified as two types.

1. Internal alarms
2. External alarms

• Externals alarms :used to monitor the activities on the

sites.
 Alarms

Internal alarms external alarms

 EXTERNAL ALARMS
• USED TO MONITOR THE VARIUOS ACTIVITIES ON
THE SITES
• VARIOUS LISTS OF EXTERNAL ALARMS ARE AS
FOLLOWS

1. SITE ON BATTERY
2. DG FAILS TO START
3. DG FAILS TO STOP
4. DG RUNNING WITHOUT LOAD
5. LOW FUEL LEVEL;
6. LOW LUBRICATION OIL PRESSURE
7. HIGH ROOM TEMPERATURE
8. AC-1 FAILS
9. AC-2 FAILS
10.AC FAILS
11.RECTIFIER FAILS
12.LOW BATTERY VOLTAGE
13.DOOR OPEN
14.FIRE AND SMOKE AT SITE
15.SITE ON DG.

FEW MORE ALARMS ARE THERE.BUT IT IS BASED ON THE

BTS USED.
CONNECTION OF ALARMS
• External alarms are connected to the alarm panels.
• The alarm panels are connected to the ddf.
• According to the bts the alarms AT EACH SITE MAY differ.
• ALARMS ARE CONNECTED USING ALARM CABLES
• FOR EACH AND EVERY ALARMS 2 WIRES ARE NEEDED.
• ALARM CABLES USED ARE PCM CABLES.
 CONNECTION AND CONFIGARATION OF
ALARMS
FOR THCONNECTION AND CONFIGURATION OF THE ALARMS
VARIOUS STEPS ARE TO BE FOLLOWED
THEY ARE:
1. TITLE/SYNTAX:NAME OF THE ALARM
2. ALARM NUMBER:DEPENDS ON BTS
3. ALARM TYPE: NORMALLY OPEN(NO)/NORMALLY CLOSED(NC)
4. ALARM SEVERITY:MAJOR/MINOR/SEVERITY
5. ALARM PORT NO/PIN NO:DEPENDS ON BTS
6. COLOUR CODE:DEPENDS ON THE PIN CONFIGURATION
7. ROUTE OF THE ALARM:ORIGIN OF ALARM
8. ROOT CAUSE OF THE ALARM:WHY THE ALARM COMES?
9. CAUSE OF THE ALARM: HOW THE ALARMS COMES?
 LIST OF ALARMS

1. SITE ON BATTERY:
THIS ALARM WORKS WHEN THE SITE WORKS ON THE BATTERY.
TYPE OF THIS ALARM IS N ORMALLY OPEN(NO).
SEVERITY OF THIS ALARM IS MAJOR
ROUTE OF THE ALARM:

BTS
DDF

ALARM PANEL OF P.P

ROOT CAUSE:ALL THE RECTIFIERS IN THE POWER PLANT GETS

FAILED
2. Mains fails
this alarms works when the mains get fails.
type of alarm: normally open(n o)
severity of alarm: minor/major(depends)
route of the alarm

PIU/AMF DDF BTS

ROOT CAUSE:WHEN THE MAINS GETS FAILS

3. DG FAILS TO START
THIS ALARMS WORKS WHEN THE CONTROL PANEL SENSE
THERE IS NO INPUT FROM DG
• ALARM TYPE:NORMALLYU OPEN(N O).
• ALARM SEVERITY:MAJOR
• ROUTE OF THE ALGORITHM

PIU/AMF DDF BTS

ROOT CAUSE:WHEN THE PIU/AMF PANEL FAILS TO START THE

DG IN 3 ATTEMPT
4. DG FAILS TO STOP

THIS ALARM WORKS WHEN THE CONTROL PANEL SENSE

THERE IS INPUT FROM DG AFTER MAINS COMES
• ALARM TYPE:NORMALLY OPEN
• ALARM SEVERITY:MINOR
• ROUTE OF THE ALARM
PIU/AMF DDF BTS

• ROOT CAUSE:WHEN PIU/AMF PANEL FAILS TO STOP THE

DG IN 3 ATTEMPTS
5. DG RUNNIGN WITHOUT LOAD
• THIS ALARM WORKS WHEN THE DG IS RUNNIGN
WITHOUT LOAD
• ALARM TYPE:NORMALLY OPEN(N O)
• ALARM SEVERITY:MINOR
• ROUTE OF THE ALARM:
PIU/AMF DDF BTS

• ROOT CAUSE:DG RUNS WITHOUT LOAD

6. LOW FUEL LEVEL
• THIS ALARM WORKS WHEN THE FUEL IS EMPTY
• ALARM TYPE:NORMALLY OPEN( NO)
• ALARM SEVERITY:MINOR
• ROUTE OF THE ALARM:

FUEL SENSOR PIU/AMF DDF BTS

• ROOT CAUSE:WHEN THE FUEL IN THE TANK REACHES 40% OF

THE TANK CAPACITY
7. LLO(LOW LUBRICATION OIL PRESSURE)
• THIS ALARMS WORKS WHEN THE OIL PRESSURE IN ENGINE IS
LESS
• ALARM TYPE:NORMALLY OPEN(N O)
• ALARM SEVERITY:CRITICAL
• ROUTE OF THE ALARM

LLOP SENSOR PIU/AMF DDF BTS

• ROOT CAUSE:WHEN THE SENSOR SENSE THE OIL PRESSURE

IN ENGINE GOES BELOW THAN SPECIFIED PRESSURE.
8. High room temperature
• Alarm type: normally open(n o)
• Alarm severity: major
• Route of the alarm:

MICRO CONTROLLER DDF BTS

• ROOT CAUSE:WHEN THE TEMPERATURE REACHES

45DEGREE OR TEMPERATURE REACHES ALARMING TEMP
LEVEL
9. AC FAILS
THIS ALARMS WORKS WHEN BOTH THE A/C GETS FAILS
• ALARM TYPE:NORMALLY OPEN(N O)
• ALARM SEVERITY: MINOR
• ROUTE OF THE ALARM:

MICRO CONTROLLER DDF BTS

• ROOT CAUSE:WHEN BOTH THE A/C GETS FAILS.

10. AC 1 &AC 2 FAILS
THIS ALARM GET ON WHEN ANY ONE OF THE A/C GETS
FAILED
• ALARM TYPE:NORMALLY OPEN(N O)
• ALARM SEVERITY:MINOR
• ROUTE OF THE ALARM:

MICRO CONTROLLER DDF BTS

• ROOT CAUSE:WHEN AC 1 FAILS OR AC 2 FAILS

11. RECTIFIER FAILS
• WORKS WHEN ANY ONE OF THE RECTIFIER GETS FAILS.
• ALARM TYPE:NORMALLY OPEN(NO)
• ALARM SEVERITY:MINOR
• ROUTE OF ALARM:

ALARM PANEL OF P.P DDF BTS

• ROOT CAUSE:WHEN ANY ONE RECTIFIER FAILS

12. Low battery level
• this works only when the p p voltage reaches alarming
voltage level
• Alarm type: normally open(n o)
• Alarm severity: critical
• Route of the alarm:

ALARM PANEL OF P.P DDF BTS

• Root cause: when the power plant voltage reaches

47v(alarming voltage level)
13. DOOR OOPEN
• THIS ALARM GETS ON WHEN THE DOOR OF THE SHELTER
GET OPEN
• ALARM TYPE:NORMALLY CLOSED(N C)
• ALARM SEVERITY:MAJOR/MINOR/CRITICAL(DEPENDS)
• ROUTE OF THE ALARM:

DOOR SENSOR PIU/AMF DDF BTS

• ROOT CAUSE:WHEN THE DOOR IS OPEN

14. FIRE AND SAFETY ALARM
• THIS ALARMS WORKS WHEN THERE IS FIRE OR SMOKE
AT THE SITES
• ALARM TYPE:NORMALLY OPEN
• ALARM SEVERITY:CRITICAL
• ROUTE OF THE ALARM:

FIRE &SMOKE SENSOR PIU/AMF DDF BTS

• ROOT CAUSE:WHEN THERE IS FIRE OR SMOKE ATH THE

SITES
FIRE AND SMOKE
ALARMS
15. SITE ON DG

• THIS ALARMS WORKS WHEN THERE IS LOAD ON DG

• ALARM TYPE:NORMALLY OPEN(N O)
• ALARM SEVERITY:MINOR
• ROUTE OF THE ALARM:

PIU/AMF DDF BTS

• ROOT CAUSE:WHEN THERE IS LOAD ON DG.

 TYPES OF BTS AND ALRAM IT CONTAINS

• NOKIA ULTRA BTS:12 ALARMS

1. MAIN FAILS
2. RECTIFIER FAILS
3. LOW BATTERY VOLTAGE
4. SITE ON BATTERY
5. SITE ON DG
6. LLOP
7. LOW FUEL LEVEL
8. DG FAILS TO START
9. AC FAILS
10. DOOR OPEN
11. HIGH ROOM TEMPERATURE
12. FIRE AND SMOKE AT SITE
2. RBS 2964:16 ALARMS

1. SITE ON DG
2. DG FAILS TO START
3. MAIN FAILS
4. HIGH ROOM TEMPEERATURE
5. LOW FUEL LEVEL
6. LLOP
7. DG FAILS TO STOP
8. FIRE AND SMOKE AT SITES
9. DOOR OPEN
10. AC 1 OFF
11. AC 2 OFF
12. SPARE B
13. BATTERY FUSE FAILS
14. RECTIFIER FAILS
15. LOW BATTERY LEVEL
16. SMPS FAILS
3. HUAWEI 3900

1. Intruder
2. Ac fails
3. High room temperature
4. Fire and smoke alarm
5. Fire fighting
6. Mains failure
7. Dg fails to start
8. Site on dg
9. Rectifier high voltage
10. Tower light failure
11. Rectifier 2/more failure
12. Site on battery
13. Low battery voltage
14. Rectifier fails
15. Generator auto mode
16. Low fuel level
ZTE ZXG-10

1. TEMPERATURE ALARM
2. LOW BATTERY ALARM
3. DG FAILSS TO START
4. AC MAINS FAILURE
5. DOOR ALARMS
6. AIR CONDITIONER ALARM
7. SMOKE ALARM
8. SMR MODEL ALARM
9. DG IN OPERATION
10. LOW FUEL TANK.
THANK YOU