Chapter 7:

Life Energy in Ecosystems

Prepared by: Arboso, Marie Andrea S.
Estanislao, Rychelle Ashley J.
Tamba, Justine Shane A.
MITOCHONDRIA
 MITOCHONDRIA
 Known as the “POWER HOUSE OF THE
CELL”. It is the site of energy
production that powers all cellular
machinery.
It is where cellular respiration
occurs, a process by which cells
produce ATP.
ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE
 It is the energy molecule of the
cell. It is the result of the process
of breaking down of fuel
molecules and the transfer of
electrons from the series of
electron donors to acceptors,
thus energy is released.
Lesson 1:

Organelles of Energy
Conversion
 Two Types of Organisms
(Based on the Pattern of Energy Transformation)
1. Autotrophs 2. Heterotrophs
AUTOTROPHS
An organism that produces
complex organic compounds
from simple substances present
in its surroundings, generally
using energy from light or
inorganic chemical reactions.
HETEROTROPHS
An organism that cannot
produce its own food, relying
instead on the intake of
nutrition from other sources of
organic carbon, mainly plant or
animal matter.
 Chloroplasts
Absorbs sunlight
and use it in
conjunction with
water and carbon
dioxide gas to
produce food for
Tiny Organelles in Leaves
the plant.
Did You Know That…

• Jan
Ingenhousz
discovered
photosynthesis.
Jan Ingenhousz
The Oxygen-Carbon Dioxide Cycle
Chloroplast
Mitochondria
Thank You for Listening!
Lesson 2:

Photosynthesis
 What is
Photosynthesis?
 Raw Materials of
Photosynthesis
•Water
•Carbon Dioxide
•Sunlight
Stomata
- The gases enter and
exit the leaves
through openings on
the surface of leaves.
Chlorophyll
•The most
important
pigment for
photosynthe-
sis.
Other definition:
•Absorbs most strongly
red light and blue light,
and other wavelengths
only slightly.
The photosynthetic process is shown in the
equation:
The Leaf
- These cylindrical cells are filled
with chloroplast, and most of the
photosynthesis of the leaf takes
place.
- It is composed or irregularly-
shaped cells that are loosely
packed, thus forming many air
spaces within this layer.
Guard Cells
•The stomatal
pore is
flanked by
two kidney-
shaped cells.
- Regulate the opening and
closing of the stomata.
- They control the exchange
of gases between photosizing
leaves and its surrounding
atmosphere.
The process of Photosynthesis:

Light Dark
Reaction Reaction
Light Reaction
Light Reaction
•It requires sunlight.
•Takes place in the
thylakoid membrane.
Dark Reaction
Dark Reaction
•It does not require
sunlight.
•Takes place in the
stroma.
Photosystem
Photophosphorylation
 Did you know that?

• Melvin Calvin won the

Nobel Prize for
discovering the
enzymatic reactions in
production of
carbohydrates from
reduction of Carbon
Dioxide known as the Melvin Calvin
Calvin Cycle.
Acronyms:
ADP ATP
• Adenosine • Adenosine
Diphosphate Triphosphate
Acronyms:
NADP RuDP
• Nicotinamide • Ribulose
Adenine Diphosphate
Dinucleotide
Phosphate
Acronyms:
PGA PGAL
• Phosphoglyceric • Phosphoglycera-
Acid dehyde
 Green House
Effect
• Is the process by
which radiation from
planet’s atmosphere
warms the planet’s
surface to a
temperature above
what it would be
without this
atmosphere.
Thank You for Listening!
Lesson 3:
Cellular
Respiration
- Is
the process by
which cells harvest the
energy from sugars
and convert it to ATP.
Adenosine Triphosphate
Did you know that?

• The Krebs
Cycle honors
the biochemist
Hans Krebs,
who discovered Hans Adolf
it. Krebs
Cellular Respiration:
•Three stages:
Glycolysis
The Krebs cycle
Electron Transport Chain
Glycolysis Steps:
What is Anaerobic
Respiration?
What is Aerobic
Respiration?
GLUCONEOGENESIS
– a metabolic
pathway that
results in a
generation of
glucose from
certain non-
carbohydrate
carbon substrates.
Thank You for Listening!