Information Technology UGM

Session Overview

Basic Concepts & Terms

MIDI Connections

Computers & MIDI

MIDI Instruments

MIDI Software Applications

MIDI Standardized Formats & Files

MIDI & Digital Audio Overview

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 MIDI Basics

Musical Instrument Digital

Interface

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 MIDI Basics

Musical Instrument Digital

Interface
Designed to connect electronic
music instruments

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 MIDI Basics

Musical Instrument Digital

Interface
Designed to connect electronic
music instruments
Digital (0s & 1s)

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 MIDI Basics
Musical Instrument Digital
Interface
Designed to connect electronic music
instruments
Digital (0s & 1s)
A set of standardized messages that
allow different electronic devices to
communicate (interface) with each
other

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 MIDI Basics
First introduced in 1983

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 MIDI Basics

First introduced in 1983

MIDI isn’t hardware or
software

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 MIDI Basics
First introduced in 1983
MIDI isn’t hardware or software
It’s a universal “digital language”
and means of communication for
music technology

A C Words
B Thoughts

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 MIDI Basics

A C Words
B Thoughts

01011011 Bytes Messages QuickTi me™ and a

GIF decompressor
are needed to see t his pict ure.

(digital words) Note On/Off

Note Number

MIDI consists of performance

information—like print music

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 MIDI Basics

MIDI is completely independent

of the audio circuitry—it’s not
sound.

Note On; Note Number; Velocity; Note

Off
IN OUT THRU L R
MIDI AUDIO

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 MIDI Connections

MIDI Cable
A cable with a 5-pin DIN
connector on each end.

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 MIDI Connections

MIDI Ports
• IN – Receives MIDI information
• OUT – Transmits MIDI information
• THRU –INPasses
OUT
along
THRU
MIDI
information To next
MIDI IN

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 MIDI Connections
MIDI “Master” instrument
The instrument that sends
information
MIDI “Slave” instrument
• The instrument that receives information
IN OUT THRU

Master
IN OUT THRU

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 MIDI Connections
Daisychaining
Process of using the IN and THRU ports to
connect several MIDI devices together

IN OUT THRU
IN THRU

IN OUT THRU

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 Computers & MIDI
MIDI Interface
A device that is used to connect a computer to a MIDI
system
Provides the MIDI IN and OUT ports for connection to a
MIDI device
Translates MIDI data into a computer’s own machine
language

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 Computers & MIDI
Connecting a MIDI Interface
OUT IN
.... ....

MIDI
Interface

IN OUT

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 Computers & MIDI
MIDI Devices with USB Ports
Allows MIDI keyboards and sound modules
to be directly connected to a computer
Eliminates need for a MIDI interface

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 Computers & MIDI
MIDI Devices with USB Ports

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 Computers & MIDI
MIDI Management Software (Mac OS X)

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 Computers & MIDI
Turning Local Control Off
Disconnects an electronic keyboard from its
internal sound generator
This is necessary when using a software or
dedicated sequencer
IN MIDI OUT
Internal Sound
Generator

Internal Sound
Generator

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 Computers & MIDI
Turning Local Control Off

MIDI Software Thru On

IN MIDI OUT
Internal
Internal Sound
Sound
Generator
Generator

Local
Control
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 MIDI Basics

MIDI Channels

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 MIDI Basics

MIDI Channels
There are 16 MIDI channels

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 MIDI Basics

MIDI Channels
There are 16 MIDI channels
MIDI devices must be set to the same MIDI
channel to communicate with each other

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 MIDI Basics
MIDI Channels

Ch. 7

Ch. 2

Ch. 9

Ch. 3

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 MIDI Basics

MIDI Channels

Ch. 7

Ch. 2

Ch. 9

3 3
Ch. 3

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 MIDI Basics
MIDI Channels
Each instrument is assigned to its own MIDI
channel

Bass Electric Piano Drums

Ch. 2 Ch. 3 Ch. 10

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 MIDI Basics

Multitimbral MIDI Instruments

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 MIDI Basics

Multitimbral MIDI Instruments

Instruments that can receive and play back MIDI
information on more than one channel at a time

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 MIDI Basics

Multitimbral MIDI Instruments

Instruments that can receive and play back MIDI
information on more than one channel at a time
Typically 16 parts with each part assigned to a
different MIDI channel

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 MIDI Basics
Multitimbral MIDI Instruments

Guitar
Piano Ch. 3 Sax
Ch. 2 Ch. 4 Drums
Bass Ch. 10
Ch. 1

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 Benefits of Using MIDI

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 Benefits of Using MIDI
Small File Size

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 Benefits of Using MIDI
Small File Size
Tempo and pitch are completely
independent of each other

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 Benefits of Using MIDI
Small File Size
Tempo and pitch are completely
independent of each other
Locate and cue sections or specific
points using measures and beats

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 Benefits of Using MIDI
Small File Size
Tempo and pitch are completely
independent of each other
Locate and cue sections or specific
points using measures and beats
Performance and notation of a song

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 MIDI Instruments
MIDI Keyboard Controllers

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 MIDI Instruments
Percussion Controllers

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 MIDI Instruments
MIDI Wind Controller

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 MIDI Instruments
Guitar Synthesizer

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 MIDI Instruments
MIDI Pedal Board

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 MIDI Instruments
Stringed Instrument
Controllers

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 MIDI Instruments
Application:
Use alternate MIDI controller instruments with
the band, orchestra or theater pit band

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 MIDI Applications

Sequencing

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 MIDI Applications
Sequencing
Records and plays back MIDI data

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 MIDI Applications
Sequencing
Records and plays back MIDI data
A digital “player piano”

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 MIDI Applications
Sequencing
Records and plays back MIDI data
A digital “player piano”
Works similar to a multitrack
recorder

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 MIDI Applications
Sequencing
Records and plays back MIDI data
A digital “player piano”
Works similar to a multitrack
recorder
May also include digital audio
recording

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 MIDI Applications
Sequencing
MIDI Data

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 MIDI Applications
Sequencing – Teacher
activities

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 MIDI Applications
Sequencing – Teacher
activities
Create MIDI files of performance literature
to make “music-minus-one” practice files,
CDs or tapes

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 MIDI Applications
Sequencing – Teacher
activities
Create MIDI files of performance literature
to make “music-minus-one” practice files,
CDs or tapes
MIDI files for student practice
• Mute parts for “music-minus-one” approach
• Play back at slower tempos for more accurate
practice

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 MIDI Applications
Sequencing – Student projects

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 MIDI Applications
Sequencing – Student
projects
Overcomes lack of initial performance
technique
• Record music at a slower tempo
• Step-record music
• Split two-handed or complex parts and record
each separately

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 MIDI Applications
Sequencing – Student
projects
Overcomes lack of initial performance
technique.
• Record music at a slower tempo
• Step-record music
• Split two-handed or complex parts and record
each separately
Provides immediate feedback and increases
motivation

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 MIDI Applications
Notation Software
• Finale (Finale NotePad – free download)
• Sibelius

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 MIDI Applications
Notation Activities
Use a notation program to create:
• Music theory lessons, scales and exercises
• Custom parts
• Arrangements and original compositions
• Lesson presentations
&c œ œ œ œ œ
œœœœ œ œ œœœœœœœ œ œœœœ œ w
? c œœœœœœœœ œœœœœœœœ œœœœœœœœ w

bb
& b b œœœœœœœœ œœœœœœœœ œœœœœœœœ œ œ
b
œ#nnÝ
œ Ý
Ý
? bb b œœœœœœœœ œœœœœœœœ œœœœœœœœ œ œ
œ
œ#nnÝ
Ý
Ý
bb
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 MIDI Applications
Notation Software
• Finale (Finale NotePad – free download)
• Sibelius
Accompaniment Software
• Band-in-a-Box

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 MIDI Applications
Notation Software
• Finale (Finale NotePad – free download)
• Sibelius
• CakeWalk
Accompaniment Software
• Band-in-a-Box
Music Education Software
• Practica Musica
• Music Ace (MIDI & audio)

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 Standard Formats

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 Standard Formats
General MIDI
Industry standard compatibility between devices

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 Standard Formats
General MIDI
Industry standard compatibility between devices
128 standard sounds and program locations

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 Standard Formats
General MIDI
Industry standard compatibility between devices
128 standard sounds and program locations
Drum note assignments

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 Standard Formats
General MIDI
Industry standard compatibility between devices
128 standard sounds and program locations
Drum note assignments
16 part multitimbral

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 Standard Formats
General MIDI
Industry standard compatibility between devices
128 standard sounds and program locations
Drum note assignments
16 part multitimbral

Expanded Formats

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 Standard Formats
General MIDI
Industry standard compatibility between devices
128 standard sounds and program locations
Drum note assignments
16 part multitimbral

Expanded Formats
GM2 – Updated version of GM standard

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 Standard Formats
General MIDI
Industry standard compatibility between devices
128 standard sounds and program locations
Drum note assignments
16 part multitimbral

Expanded Formats
GM2 – Updated version of GM standard
GS – Roland’s extension

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 Standard Formats
General MIDI
Industry standard compatibility between devices
128 standard sounds and program locations
Drum note assignments
16 part multitimbral

Expanded Formats
GM2 – Updated version of GM standard
GS – Roland’s extension
XG – Yamaha’s extension

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 Standard Formats

Standard MIDI File

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 Standard Formats

Standard MIDI File

• A standardized file format

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 Standard Formats

Standard MIDI File

• A standardized file format
• Allows different MIDI computer
programs to exchange MIDI files

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 Standard Formats

Standard MIDI File

• A standardized file format
• Allows different MIDI computer programs
to exchange MIDI files
• Files can be exchanged between Macs,
PCs and hardware MIDI file players

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 Standard Formats

Standard MIDI File

• A standardized file format
• Allows different MIDI computer
programs to exchange MIDI files
• Files can be exchanged between
Macs, PCs and hardware MIDI file
players
• Files are exchanged by exporting
and importing a file in this format

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 Audio & MIDI
MIDI Sequencing with
Digital Audio Recording capabilities

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 Audio & MIDI

MIDI Sequencing with

Digital Audio Recording capabilities
Mixer
QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.

Audio in
OUT IN
..... .....
Digital audio
output
Synth
IN OUT THRU L audio
R
MIDI AUDIO output

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 Audio & MIDI
MIDI Sequencing &
Digital Audio Recording

QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.
QuickTime™ and a
TIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor
are needed to see this picture.

•Virtual synth audio

•Digital audio output
Audio in

USB Cable
for MIDI

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 Audio & MIDI
Software Sound Modules

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 Audio & MIDI
USB Audio/MIDI Interfaces

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 Additional Resources

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 Additional Resources

Free Subscription

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 Referens

Dennis Mauricio
dennismauricio@cox.net

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 Thank You

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