OBLIGATION

“MUST AND HAVE TO”

 must for obligation

We often use must to say that something is

essential or necessary.

The basic structure for must is:

subject + auxiliary + main verb
verb base
must
Look at these examples:

subject auxiliary verb main verb

must base

I must go home.

You must visit us.

We must stop now.

In general, must expresses personal obligation. Must expresses

what the speaker thinks is necessary. Must is subjective. Look at
these examples:

- I must stop smoking.

- You must visit us soon.
- He must work harder.
 have to for obligation
We often use have to to say that something is
obligatory

The basic structure for have to is:

subjec + auxiliary + have + to-

t verb infiniti
ve
 Look at these examples in the Present Simple tense:
subject auxiliary main verb to-
verb have infinitive

+ She has to work.

- I do not have to see the

doctor.

? Did you have to go to school?

have to expresses impersonal obligation. The subject of have to is obliged or

forced to act by a separate, external power (for example, the Law or school
rules). Have to is objective. Look at these examples:

- In France, you have to drive on the right.

- In England, most schoolchildren have to wear a uniform.
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 DIALOG ABOUT OBLIGATION

Dini: Hy Sita!
Sita: Hy Dini.
Dini: You look sad. Is something bad happen?
Sita: Yes. I feel disappointed with myself.
Dini: Why?
Sita: Here! Look at my examination result. It is bad.
Dini: Don’t worry. You can do well on the next
examination.
Sita: I don’t know. I am not sure.
Dini: One thing that you must do is to study even
harder than you did before. I know you can do it.
Sita: Thank’s Dini.