Power Evacuation Arrangements in SHP (Survey, Features, Etc.)

POWER EVACUATION
ARRANGEMENTS IN SHP
(Survey, Features, etc.)
Presented By:
Ranbir Chhetri,
Enrollment No.: 17512017
M.Tech (AHES),IITR
16th August IIT ROORKEE, AHEC 1
Presentation Outline
 General Information of Bhutan
 Power Evacuation Scenario in Bhutan
 Basic Objectives of SHP set up
 Modern Approach of Electricity System
 Highlight of Power Evacuation Arrangement
 Classification of SHP
 Power Evacuation Load Survey For Off-Grid SHP
 Power Evacuation Survey For Grid Connected SHP
 Voltage level Selection for Power Evacuation
 Voltage Level for Interconnection
 Power Evacuation and Grid Interfacing
 Transmission Line Selection for SHP
 Route Survey for Transmission Lines
 Short Circuit Study
 Load Flow Analysis
 Power Evacuation Arrangements at site
 Conclusion
General Information of Bhutan
Location/Area: 38,394 km²

National Flag:
Source: http://www.tourism.gov.bt

National Emblem:

National Tree: Cypress

Capital City/Districts: Thimphu/20

Population:7,68,577(NSB 2016 report)
National Language: Dzongkha
Currency: Ngultrum(1BTN Equal to 1INR)
Per capita Electricity consumption:2840
kWh(NSB)
Hydro Power: Constitute 14% of GDP & 25% of
Annual Revenue

Power Evacuation Scenario in Bhutan
Hydro Power Potential:30,000 MW

Techno Economically Viable:26504 MW
Total Installed Capacity (Large Hydro):1606
MW
Total Installed Capacity Mini &Micro: 2526 kW

Basochu HP-60 MW Chukha HP-336 MW
Kurichu HP-60 MW Tala HP-1020 MW

Source: www.drukgreen.bt
16th August 9
IIT ROORKEE, AHEC
Source:
G.Tshering,BPC

International Feeders (Existing) :
400 kV double circuit………….4
220kV double circuit…………..3
Under construction/Proposed :

Basic Objectives of SHP set up
Requirement of Availability of Water

Electricity Resource
Cost effective
Reliable
Efficient (SHP)
Small Hydro
Power Plant

Modern Approach of Electricity System

Highlight of Power Evacuation Arrangement
 Marketing of Power
Power Station linking to:
• Current grid system.
• Nearby substation or another.
Company/Factory.
• Consumer point.
Power evacuation under normal conditions.
Power evacuation on Contingency conditions.
Power Station nearby location.
Proper Power system planning in that area/utility.
Classification of SHP
Isolated(Off-Grid) Grid Connected
IIT ROORKEE, AHEC 15

16th August
Power Evacuation Load Survey For Off-Grid
SHP
Conduct Electrical Load survey/Demand

Assessment before execution of project.
Prepare Load Forecast Table
Total demand (load) is calculated.
Calculate Install capacity of SHP.

Power Evacuation, Load Survey For Off-Grid
SHP
Criteria for Electrical Load survey:

• No. of Villages to be covered
• No. of house holds to be covered and their
average consumption
• Demography, its distribution, average level of
income of the population
• No of school, government offices, small scale
industries and other commercial buildings

Power Evacuation Survey For Grid
Connected SHP
. Find out nearest substation, transmission line
 Ensure Transmission Line or Grid has enough
capacity
Keep provision for future expansion
Distribution networks/Power requirement
Possibility of power to be exported .
Right of Way(ROW)

Power Evacuation Survey For Grid
Connected SHP
Check the system voltage of near by grid
This decides the voltage level for power
evacuation from SHP

Transmission Line Selection for SHP
Upto 5kW- Single Phase
Above 5kW-Three Phase
• Single Phase not reliable

• Three Phase reliable due to balanced load
• Considerable saving of conductor material
• Convenient & efficient

Voltage level Selection for Power Evacuation
Product of Installed capacity(kW)&

Transmission Line Distance(km)

Voltage Level for Interconnection

Power Evacuation and Grid Interfacing
 Government Policy to connect SHP to Grid

• Plan to get necessary approval from relevant
agencies like, State Electricity Board,
GRIDCO/DISCOM
• Refer prevailing central/state govt. policy

guidelines or SERC regulations

 Power Evacuation model

Differs from state to state
• Developer to bear cost for evacuation facilities
& interfacing up to the nearest HT
lines/Maintenance.
• T&D lines from generation site to be provided
by State power corporation

 Power Purchase Agreement

• PPA is to be signed between the developer
and the purchaser detailing modes of
metering, wheeling and banking, maintenance
etc.

Route Survey for Transmission Lines
High Voltage Lines

• Select the shortest possible route for HV lines.
• Route in the direction of possible future loads.
• Avoid going over hills, ridges, swamps,
and bottom lands.
• Avoid disrupting the environment.
• Avoid river crossing and sinking

Distribution Lines
• For distribution lines, follow the route of
establishment.
• Route in the direction of possible future loads.
• Avoid going over hills, ridges, swamps,
and bottom lands.
• Avoid disrupting the environment.
• Avoid river crossing and sinking
Environmental Impact Assessment for proposed

Project
Select Source and Destination Points
Reconnaissance survey
Find few alternatives of routes of line
Preliminary survey
Check the technical feasibility and economic viability of each
alternatives
Select the final route
Perform the detailed survey
Take a necessary action regarding environmental clearance, land

acquisition , financing , other approval
Surveying Instruments
1.Theodolite

2.Total Station

3.GPS

Short Circuit Study
• To calculate the magnitude of the fault currents

flowing
• To design an adequate protective system
• Recognize faults and initiate circuit breaker
operation

Load Flow Analysis
Provides information regarding
• Bus voltage at different load points
• Active and reactive power flows
• Circuit overloads
• System losses

Power Evacuation Arrangements at site
Interconnection of Generation, Transmission &

Distribution
 For smooth Evacuation of Power from SHP

Configurations of SHP Units,T&D

1.

Configurations of SHP Units,T&D

2.

Configurations of SHP,T&D
3.

Configurations of SHP,T&D
4.

Connection of SHP to Grid

SHP Provision for Future Expansion
• Interconnection Provision for Hybrid
system(Solar, Wind etc)
• By keeping spare panels at switch yard

Four Components in T&D
• Transformer
• Conductors or Transmission lines
• Pole/Transmission Line Tower
• Insulators

Arrangements in Power Station
• SHP Units with Protection schemes
• Neutral Grounding Equipment
• Unit Auxiliary Transformer

Components of Outdoor Sub-station/Switchyard
• Generator Transformer for Voltage step-up
• Isolator or Disconnecting Switch
• Earth Switch
• Circuit Breaker
• Relays
• Bus Bars
• Instrument Transformers (CT&PT)
• Lighting Arrestor
• Insulators
• Conductors
• Energy meter
• Switchyard Structures
 Components of Step down Sub-station
• Step down Transformer
• Auxiliary Transformer
• Feeders for distribution of supply

1.Configurations of Unit & GT to Bus Bar

Source: Teacher-manual
AHEC-Degree
 Single Sectionalized Bus
Commonly used in SHP
AHEC-Degree

Typical Power Evacuation Arrangement

Conclusion
Plan the SHP to:

 Integrate new generation technology and its
connectivity to the grid for evacuation of the
power
 Up grade the prevailing system
 Smart Grid

References:
1. Himalayan Small Hydropower Summit(October 12-13, 2006), Dehradun by G. Baidya,Chief Engineer (CDM –
R&D), NHPC
2. Objectives for small hydro technology by
Prof. J.-L. KUENYINPG/ENSHMG - EPFL/IMHEF-LMH
3. Construction Manual for Transmission Lines RAJASTHAN RAJYA VIDYUT PRASARAN NIGAM LTD
4. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL of RENEWABLE ENERGY RESEARCH P.K. Satpathy et al., Vol.5, No.2, 2015
Smooth Evacuation of Power in Grid Connected Small Hydro Power Stations by Application of SVCs
5. ELECTRICAL LOAD SURVEY & LOAD FORECAST FOR A STAND ALONE SMALL HYDROPOWER STATION by
S.N. Singh Senior Scientific Officer, AHEC Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee
6. Stastical Yearbook of Bhutan 2016
7. DGPC Annual Report 2016
8.http://ahec.org.in/wfw/web_ua_water_for_welfare/education/Teachers_Manual/Teachers_manual_diploma_hydropow
er_engineering.pdf
9.Guideline for SHP Development
10.Power_evacuation-AHEC guidelines
http://msessd.ioe.edu.np
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electrical_grid
.http://upptcl.org/tech_info/clearances.htm
http://shodhganga.inflibnet.ac.in/bitstream/10603/74080/11/11_chapter%203.pdf
http://powertips-elec.blogspot.in/2011/03/voltage-classifications.html
www.bpc.bt
www.drukgree.bt
Thank You

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POWER EVACUATION

Location/Area: 38,394 km²

16th August IIT ROORKEE, AHEC 3

16th August IIT ROORKEE, AHEC 4

16th August IIT ROORKEE, AHEC 5

National Tree: Cypress

16th August IIT ROORKEE, AHEC 6

Capital City/Districts: Thimphu/20

16th August IIT ROORKEE, AHEC 7

Hydro Power Potential:30,000 MW

16th August IIT ROORKEE, AHEC 8

Basochu HP-60 MW Chukha HP-336 MW

Kurichu HP-60 MW Tala HP-1020 MW

16th August IIT ROORKEE, AHEC 10

International Feeders (Existing) :

400 kV double circuit………….4

220kV double circuit…………..3

132kV double circuit…………..2

400kV double circuit…………..5

Requirement of Availability of Water

16th August IIT ROORKEE, AHEC 12

16th August IIT ROORKEE, AHEC 13

Isolated(Off-Grid) Grid Connected

IIT ROORKEE, AHEC 15

Conduct Electrical Load survey/Demand

16th August IIT ROORKEE, AHEC 16

Criteria for Electrical Load survey:

16th August IIT ROORKEE, AHEC 17

16th August IIT ROORKEE, AHEC 18

This decides the voltage level for power

evacuation from SHP

16th August IIT ROORKEE, AHEC 19

Upto 5kW- Single Phase

Above 5kW-Three Phase

• Single Phase not reliable

16th August IIT ROORKEE, AHEC 20

Product of Installed capacity(kW)&

16th August IIT ROORKEE, AHEC 21

16th August IIT ROORKEE, AHEC 22

 Government Policy to connect SHP to Grid

• Refer prevailing central/state govt. policy

16th August IIT ROORKEE, AHEC 23

 Power Evacuation model

16th August IIT ROORKEE, AHEC 24

 Power Purchase Agreement

16th August IIT ROORKEE, AHEC 25

High Voltage Lines

16th August IIT ROORKEE, AHEC 26

Environmental Impact Assessment for proposed

Find few alternatives of routes of line

Select the final route

Perform the detailed survey

Take a necessary action regarding environmental clearance, land

16th August IIT ROORKEE, AHEC 29

16th August IIT ROORKEE, AHEC 30

16th August IIT ROORKEE, AHEC 31

• To calculate the magnitude of the fault currents

16th August IIT ROORKEE, AHEC 32

Provides information regarding

• Bus voltage at different load points

• Active and reactive power flows

16th August IIT ROORKEE, AHEC 33

Interconnection of Generation, Transmission &