CLIMATE CHANGE

Science, Technology and Society

Finals
 APRUB
O
DEHINS
ANG WEATHER SA
PILIPINAS AY
DALAWA, TAG-
ULAN AT TAG-
ARAW
DEHINS
CLIMATE
VS.
WEATHER
CLIMATE
- Refers to the LONG-TERM WEATHER PATTERNS
prevailing over a GIVEN AREA OF THE PLANET.
- The term comes from a Greek word “KLINEIN”
meaning “TO SLOPE”.
- It evolved into “KLIMA”, connoting a zone or
region of the earth as characterized by its
atmospheric conditions.
- Commonly, the KLIMA in the NORTH is colder
than in the south.
ANG ORBIT KUNG
SAAN UMIINOG
ANG EARTH SA
PALIGID NG
ARAW AY BILOG
ANG HUGIS.
DEHINS
EARTH’S
MOVEMENT
AROUND THE
SUN
EARTH’S MOVEMENT AROUND THE SUN

- While the earth’s orbit remains an

ellipse, its position or orientation in
space changes overtime.
- Due to the tilt of the earth, the
whole area does not receive an
equal amount of sunlight.
ANG AXIS NG
EARTH AY
VERTICAL BY
NATURE.
APRUB
EARTH’S MOVEMENT AROUND THE SUN

- The earth spins around its own

axis, an imaginary line from NORTH
POLE TO SOUTH POLE. (The earth
could then be imagined like a
spinning “trumpo” turning in its
path around the sun.
THE ELEMENTS IN THE INTERACTION
BETWEEN THE SUN AND THE EARTH ARE
DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
APHELION – refers to the point in
the orbit of the earth FARTHEST from
the sun.
PERIHELION – refers to the point in
the orbit of the earth CLOSEST from
the sun.
THE ELEMENTS IN THE INTERACTION
BETWEEN THE SUN AND THE EARTH ARE
DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:

AXIAL TILT – the inclination angle of

the earth’s rotational axis in
relation to the line perpendicular to
its orbital plane.
THE ELEMENTS IN THE INTERACTION
BETWEEN THE SUN AND THE EARTH ARE
DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:

PRECESSION– the change of the

orientation of the rotational axis of
the earth.
THE ELEMENTS IN THE INTERACTION
BETWEEN THE SUN AND THE EARTH ARE
DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:

EQUINOX– refers to the time the

sun at noon is directly over the
equator. It happens twice a year
and causes an almost equal length
of day and night.
THE ELEMENTS IN THE INTERACTION
BETWEEN THE SUN AND THE EARTH ARE
DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:

SOLSTICE – happens when the sun at

noon sits above the TROPIC OF
CANCER and TROPIC OF CAPRICORN.
The summer solstice has the long
period of daylight and the winter
solstice has the shortest period.
MILANKOVITCH
PARAMETERS
MILUTIN MILANKOVITCH – A Slovak
Scientist and Meteorologist.
- His interest in the daily weather
patterns led him to investigate the
deeper issues: Is the sun and its
relation to the earth that accounts
for the change in climate? Is it
possible that as the distance of the
sun to the earth changes, the earth
is affected enough to cause
climate to change?
MILANKOVITCH PARAMETERS

The change in the RADIUS of

the earth’s orbit;
The change in the tilt of the
spin of the earth and;
The wobble in the spin axis.
MILANKOVITCH PARAMETERS

Even MP is real, the effect is

so small that they could not
alter the amount of sunlight
reaching the earth enough
to cause a phenomenon like
the Ice Age.
MILANKOVITCH PARAMETERS

The CHALLENGE:

No modern computing
devices or electronic adding
machine was not invented
yet.
MILANKOVITCH PARAMETERS
The CHANCE:

The Mathematical
expressions of the LAWS OF
NATURE by Isaac Newton
(17 Century)
th

(The equations of the Laws of Nature allow for

cumulative or summative effects.)
MILANKOVITCH PARAMETERS
The SUPPORT:

The French Mathematical

Physicist HENRI POINCARE
showed that mathematically,
this simple cumulative or
summing process is
POSSIBLE. (Zeh, 2007)
MILANKOVITCH PARAMETERS
The RESULT:

Using computer, scientists went back to

the mathematical equations (sun-earth
relationship). They have come to realize
that changing the MILANKOVITCH
PARAMETERS over a period of time can
indeed have a cumulative effect.

The discovery is part of THE CHAOS

THEORY (Gleick, 1987)