PROFESSOR

CIVIL ENGR JIMMY P. TOPENIO

ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR, FEU
MA ED MAJOR IN MATHEMATICS
RECTILINEAR MOTON PROBLEM

1. An LRT train starts from rest at the

carriedo station and accelerates at the
rate of 2m/s2 in 3 seconds, It then runs
with uniform speed in 5 seconds and
decelerates at 2m/s2 until it stops at the D.
Jose station. What is the distance between
the two stations?
VERTICAL MOTION

A body thrown vertically upward and a freely

falling is an example of a vertical motion with
uniformly accelerated motion. Where
acceleration is the acceleration due to gravity
which is 9.8 m/s2, 980 cm/s2 , 32 ft/s2.
The object here is traveling in an almost perfect
vertical straight line, on the assumption that
when an object thrown upward it will return to
its original position.
FORMULA:

Vf = Vi ± gt

y = Vi t ± ½ g t2

Vf2 = Vi2 ± 2gy

note: use + when motion is downward

- when motion is upward
1. A ball is thrown up with a velocity of
15m/s. Assuming a vertical motion how
high will it go? When will it reach the
ground?
2. A stone is dropped 1m below and hit the
big toe. If the nerve impulse travel
within the body with the speed that of
the speed of sound, what is the ratio of
the time of the stone to hit the toe to
the time when the nerve impulse travels
from the toe to the brain. The height of
an average Pilipino female is 1.65m
4. Water drips from a faucet with the rate of
3 drops per second. If the upper drop
travels 1/8 seconds, what is the distance
between two successive drops?
5. A balloon is ascending at the rate of 20
m/s when a stone is dropped. If the stone
reach the ground in 5 seconds, calculate
the position of the balloon when the stone
was drop?
PROJECTILE MOTION
• A motion with an angle, or with a curve
trajectory
• A motion with horizontal and vertical
displacement ( x and y )
• A motion with constant velocity along the x-
direction and therefore zero acceleration
• A motion with Vf = Vfx , and Vfy = 0 at the
position of Ymax
• A motion with increasing height as it goes up,
and after reaching the max height , it goes
down with a decreasing height.
• A motion with a maximum distance as it moves
horizontally until it reaches the final distination.
FORMULA
X = Vi cos θ t , Y = Vi sin θ t - g t

Xmax = Vi2 sin 2θ / g , Ymax = Vi2 sin2θ / 2g

Vf = √ Vfx2 + Vfy2
where Vfx = Vicosθ , Vfy = Visinθ – gt

Tymax = Vi sin θ / g

Txmax = 2Vi sin θ / g

Example
1. A ball is thrown with a velocity of 30 m/s at an
angle of 600 with the ground. Calculate the
following:
a. the max. height and distance covered
b. the time to reach the Ymax and Xmax
c. the position X and Y after 2 seconds
d. the position A and Y after 4 secons
e. the final velocity after 2 seconds
f. the final velocity after 4 seconds
Sir Isaac Newton
• INTRODUCTION
Newton, Sir Isaac (1642-1727), mathematician and
physicist, one of the foremost scientific intellects of all time.
Born at Woolsthorpe, near Grantham in Lincolnshire, where
he attended school, he entered Cambridge University in
1661; he was elected a Fellow of Trinity College in 1667,
and Lucasian Professor of Mathematics in 1669. He
remained at the university, lecturing in most years, until
1696. Of these Cambridge years, in which Newton was at
the height of his creative power, he singled out 1665-1666
(spent largely in Lincolnshire because of plague in
Cambridge) as "the prime of my age for invention". During
two to three years of intense mental effort he
prepared Philosophiae Naturalis Principia
Mathematica (Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy)
commonly known as the Principia, although this was not
published until 1687.
NEWTON’S LAW OF MOTION
LAW OF INERTIA
A body at rest will remain at rest and a body in
motion will continue to move with uniform speed
unless acted upon by external force.
LAW OF ACCELERATION
When the resultant force is not equal to zero
the body is accelerated. The degree of
acceleration is directly proportional to the
unbalanced or resultant force and inversely
proportional to the mass of the body.
LAW OF INTERACTION
For every action there is an equal and opposite
reaction.
From Newton’s 2nd law

a α F , a α 1/m

changing the proportionality to an equality

F = ma , F = wa/g

where F = unbalanced force

m = mass
a = acceleration
inertia – is one property of matter that resist motion.
mass – is a measure of the amount of inertia on the body
weight – is the force attracted to the earth.
W = mass x gravitational acceleration
EXAMPLE:
1. What force is required to pull horizontally a 50 kg mass
with an acceleration of 1m/s2?
2. How much force is needed to give a 5kg box an
upward acceleration of 2m/s2?
3. A 1000 kg elevator ascends and descends at the rate
of 1m/s2. What is the tension at the elevator when
ascending, descending and moving with uniform speed
either up or down?
4. A 500-g block resting on a horizontal surface is
attached to a 300-g block that hangs freely by a string
passing over a frictionless pulley at one end of the
horizontal table. If there is no friction between the first
block and the surface, what is the block’s acceleration?
What is the tension in the string?
NEWTON’S LAW OF UNIVERSAL GRAVITATION
It states that every massive particle in the universe
attracts every other massive particle with a force
which is directly proportional to the product of
their masses and inversely proportional to the
square of the distance between them.
F = G m1 m2 / r2

where : F is the magnitude of the gravitational force between the

two point masses.
G is the gravitational constant
m is the masses
r is the distance between the two point
masses