Microwave

Diathermy
Microwave
Diathermy

2
 1.
Principle
• Menggunakan Radiasi elektromagnetik yang
terletak di antara gelombang pendek dan
daerah Inframerah dari spektrum
elektromagnetik.

• Frequency of microwave is 300 – 30000

MHz
• The wavelength is 10mm – 1m.
1.
Principle
 Frequency and wavelength used for
therapeutic purposes

• 2450 MHz is the frequency that is widely available for therapeutic

purposes.
• Effective penetration of it is about 30mm
• But the lower frequencies have the ability to penetrate more.
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Microwave diathermy: Therapeutic uses
◂ Rasa sakit pada otot Gangguan kondisi muskuloskeletal
◂ Kejang otot ◂ Terkilir
◂ Peradangan kronis ◂ Strain
◂ Infeksi kronis ◂ Lesi kapsular
◂ Fibrosis ◂ Penyakit sendi degeneratif
◂ Artritis rematik kronis
◂ Kekakuan pada persendian
superfisial
◂ Hematoma
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Contraindications
◂ The eyes
◂ Recent radiotherapy
◂ Metallic implants
◂ Hypersensityvity to heat
◂ Pace makers ◂ Acute infection or inflammation
◂ Over growing bone ◂ Obesity
◂ Haemorrhagic areas ◂ Analgesic therapy
◂ Tuberculous joints ◂ Venous thrombosis or phlebitis
◂ Pregnancy
◂ Impaired thermal
sensation ◂ Menstruation
◂ Acute dermatological conditions
◂ Severe cardiac conditions
◂ Blood pressure abnormalities
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Dosage
◂ Durasi: 20 menit adalah waktu perawatan yang paling
dianjurkan.

◂ Intensitas: sesuai sensasi kehangatan yang dijelaskan

(dirasakan) oleh pasien.

◂ Frekuensi pengobatan: pengobatan dapat diberikan

setiap hari atau pada hari-hari alternative, sangat
bermanfaat jika diberikan satu atau dua kali sehari.

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 Application
◂ The patient should be positioned in well comfortable
manner with adequately exposing the part to be treated.
◂ Explain the procedure to the patient.
◂ Check for contraindications.
◂ Localize the site to be treated.
◂ Test the skin for hot and cold sensation.
◂ Pair of microwave goggles should be given to the patient.
◂ Select the type of director and fix it to the machine.
◂ Check all the connections.
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 Application
◂ Emitter should be position to get a beam of
radiation which strikes the skin at right angles.
Emitter- skin distance is about 2 cm.
◂ Test the machine by placing the therapists hand
under the director.
◂ Switch on the machine after setting the timer
◂ Instruct the patient to not to look at the applicator
and warn him regarding the burns.

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Techniques
Variation in the application depends
on the size and the heating pattern of
the emitter 9 director/
transducer/applicator/radiator).

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Application

12
13
 The SWD generator used to
“ produce microwaves has three
main components:
1- A multi-cavity magnetron
valve
2- A coaxial cable
3- A director.
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Director (tranduser)

Maximum Temperature
at Periphery

Maximum Temperature
at Center
Director (tranduser)

Maximum Temperature
at Periphery

Maximum Temperature
at Center
Block Diagram
MWD

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Block Diagram
MWD

18

Cara Kerja blok diagram
Arus frekuensi tinggi diumpankan ke
perangkat yang disebut magnetron.
Magnetron adalah jenis khusus katup
termionik yang dicirikan oleh katoda
yang ditempatkan di pusat, yang
dikelilingi oleh anoda logam
melingkar.
Fungsi utama dari magnetron adalah
untuk menghasilkan arus berosilasi
secara langsung dari gerakan
elektron kecepatan tinggi.
Arus ini dilewatkan ke antena yang
memancarkan gelombang mikro.
Antena adalah sepotong kawat yang
dipasang di depan reflektor logam
yang memancarkan gelombang dalam
satu arah.
Output dari energi gelombang mikro
dapat dikontrol dengan
memvariasikan catu daya ke
magnetron.
Frekuensi yang dihasilkan tergantung
pada struktur magnetron
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Circuit Of MWD
Production of Microwave:
- Produced by high frequency current and have
same frequency as the currents which
produce them
- Not produced by Oscillators/ Vacuum tube
valves / Solid state devices
Magnetron:
- Consists of cylindrical cathode surrounded by
an anode structure with cavities opening into
the cathode Anode space by means of slot.
• O/P energy is derived from the resonator
system by means of a coupling loop forced
into one of the cavities.
• The energy picked up on the coupling loop is
carried out of the magnetron on the central
conductor of a co-axial o/p tube
seal to the director
• Director has radiating element of antenna
• Electrical current transformed to antenna &
emits EM radiation. Then a reflector which
direct energy to the patient.
 Thank You

25
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Let’s review some concepts
Yellow Blue Red
Is the color of gold, Is the colour of the clear Is the color of blood, and
butter and ripe lemons. sky and the deep sea. It because of this it has
In the spectrum of is located between violet historically been
visible light, yellow is and green on the optical associated with sacrifice,
found between green spectrum. danger and courage.
and orange.

Yellow Blue Red

Is the color of gold, Is the colour of the clear Is the color of blood, and
butter and ripe lemons. sky and the deep sea. It because of this it has
In the spectrum of is located between violet historically been
visible light, yellow is and green on the optical associated with sacrifice,
found between green spectrum. danger and courage.
and orange.
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