CMT 581: ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION

GLOBAL WARMING
NAME STUDENT ID

1 MUHAMMAD HANIS BIN GHAZALI 2019717523

2 NOORAFINA BINTI MOHD KHALIM 2018207204

3 ALIA NAJIHAH BINTI MOHD 2018291984

SHAMSUDDIN

LECTURER PROF TS. DR. MOHD AZLAN

 DEFINITION

• Global warming is the long-term rise in the average temperature

of the Earth's climate system. It is a major aspect of climate
change, and has been demonstrated by direct temperature
measurements and by measurements of various effects of the
warming.
• The terms global warming and climate change are often used
interchangeably.
HISTORY OF GLOBAL WARMING
• Svante Arrhenius (1859-1927) was a
Swedish scientist that was the first to
claim in 1896 that fossil fuel combustion
may eventually result in enhanced global
warming.
• He proposed a relation between
atmospheric carbon dioxide
concentrations and temperature.
HISTORY OF GLOBAL WARMING
• He found that the average surface
temperature of the earth is about 15oC
because of the infrared absorption
capacity of water vapor and carbon
dioxide.
• This is called the natural greenhouse
effect. Arrhenius suggested a doubling of
the CO2 concentration would lead to a
5oC temperature rise. He and Thomas
Chamberlin calculated that human
activities could warm the earth by adding
carbon dioxide to the atmosphere
Issue on human, animal, environment
and economics activities.
Sea water level
increase

Heat waves Drought

 Definition of heat waves

• A heat wave is a period of unusually hot weather that

typically lasts two or more days. To be considered a
heat wave, the temperatures have to be outside the
historical averages for a given area.
Effect of heat waves on human
 Effect of heat waves on animals and
environment
• Animal that lives on cold place like in Artic will not have suitable
habitat.
• Water in ocean became warmer that cause coral bleaching (a type of
damage to corals). Thus disrupting the food web that connect all
living things in ocean.
• Lead to extinction of animals.
 30000 of flying foxes killed between 15 monkeys killed each other while fighting over
1994 and 2008 in Australia (Welbergen scarce water during a heat wave in India, where
J.A. et. al, 2008) temperatures have reached 122 degrees. (New
York Post, June 2019)
Effect on economic activities

• Less productive activities

• In america give impact on a third of the country that economic cost
reduce up to about half billion of dollars.
 Drought
• Drought is an extended period of unusually dry weather when there
is not enough rain.
•A 2013 NASA study predicts warmer worldwide temperatures will
mean increased rainfall in some parts of the world and decreased
rainfall in others, leading to both more flooding and more droughts
worldwide
Effect on human due to drought

• Severe drought conditions can negatively affect air

quality. Particulate matter suspended in the air from these events
can irritate the bronchial passages and lungs. This can make chronic
respiratory illnesses worse and increase the risk for respiratory
infections like bronchitis and pneumonia.
• Health problems related to low water flows and poor water quality.
• Reduced incomes due to crops was dying.
• Threat to public safety from an increased number of forest and
range fires
• Loss of human life
 Effect on animals and
environment
• Losses or destruction of fish and wildlife habitat
• Lack of food and drinking water for wild animals
• Increase in disease in wild animals, because of reduced food and
water supplies
• Lower water levels in reservoirs, lakes, and ponds
• Migration of wildlife
Effect on economics activities
• Mostly drought really effecting the economic activities due to the
farming activities cannot be done.
• Farmers may lose money if a drought destroys their crops.
• Water companies may have to spend money on new or additional water
supplies
• Power companies that normally rely on hydroelectric power (electricity
that's created from the energy of running water) may have to spend
more money on other fuel sources if drought dries up too much of the
water supply. The power companies' customers would also have to pay
more
“Tali air” that dried due to drought in Rice field was dried in Kelantan
kelantan (Malaysiaaktif, April 2019) Loss of economic value due to drought of
(MyMetro, Mac 2019)
el nino phenomenon (BeritaHarian, 2015)
 Sea water level increase
The two major causes of global sea level rise are thermal expansion
caused by warming of the ocean (since water expands as it warms)
and increased melting of land-based ice, such as glaciers and ice
sheets.
• The oceans are absorbing more than 90 percent of the increased
atmospheric heat associated with emissions from human
activity.
• The global sea level has been rising over the past century, and the
rate has increased in recent decades.
• Sea water level continue to increase at rate about one-eight of an
inch per year.
MELTING OF GLACIER
NATIONAL PARK
 Effect on human, animal and
environment
• Jakarta especially north Jakarta is the fastest-sinking city in the
world. (BBC NEWS)
• North Jakarta has sunk 2.5m in 10 years and is continuing to sink by
as much as 25cm a year in some parts, which is more than double the
global average for coastal megacities.
• Jakarta is sinking by an average of 1-15cm a year and almost half the
city now sits below sea level.
• The study shows about 95% of North Jakarta will be submerged in
2050.
 SUISTAINABLE GLOBAL
EFFORT
•KYOTO PROTOCOL

•PARIS CLIMATE AGREEMENT

•WORLD METEOROLOGICAL
• ORGANIZATION