Innovative solutions

for optimal structural

performance
Ignacio Vial
RESILIENT BUILDINGS SEMINAR
20 NOVEMBER 2012
Table of Contents

1. SKM - SIRVE
2. Earthquake impacts (Chile – New Zealand)
3. New Concepts for Seismic Design
4. Applications / Projects
5. Typical solution costs
6. Conclusions
1.1 SKM - SIRVE

SKM
Leading project firm, with a global capability
in consulting, engineering and project delivery. It
operates predominantly in Asia Pacific, South
America and Europe.

SIRVE
Leading chilean seimic engineering firm, focused on
the design and implementation of innovative solutions
for optimal structure preformance.
All our seismic protection systems successfully
withstood the last major earthquake 8.8 in Chile.
 1.2 SIRVE – Integral Solutions
Housing
Social Housing

Hospitals

Office buildings

Complex
Bridges structures

High-rise buildings
Precast Buildings

Education Government
Infrastructure Medical Centers Buildings
2.1 Recent Earthquakes

2011
Japan

2010
Haití
2012
2004 Guatemala
Indonesia

2010
2011 Chile
New Zealand
 2.2 Chile: A Seismic Country
Country Year Magnitud

Chile 1960 9.5

Alaska 1964 9.2
Rusia 1952 9.0
Japan 2011 9.0
Indonesia 2004 9.0

Chile 2010 8.8

Ecuador 1906 8.8
Alaska 1957 8.8
Kuril Islands 1958 8.7
Alaska 1965 8.7

Chile 1922 8.5 2010 Earthquake

 2.3 Losses

2.5 - 5 billions
in Chile

$USD per year

1.5 - 2% of GDP
Annual cost
deaths

~ 500 in 2010
~ 1,600 in 1960
~ 800 in 1922
2010 Tsunami
RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS
2.4 Damages
INDUSTRIAL BUILDINGS
2.4 Damages
INFRASTRACTURE
2.4 Damages
EQUIPMENT & CONTENTS
2.4 Damages
 2.5 New Zealand: Seismic Country

Location Year Magnitud 185 deaths

Wairarapa 1855 8.2 $18b USD losses
Fiordland 2009 7.8
Napier 1931 7.8
Murchison 1929 7.8
Marlborough 1848 7.8
Pahiatua 1934 7.6
Wairarapa 1942 7.2
Inangahua 1968 7.1
North
1888 7.1
Canterbury
Canterbury 2010 7.1
Christchurch 2011 6.3
2011 Christchurch
2.6 Earthquake characterization
2.7 Earthquake characterization
3. New Concepts on Seismic Design

Traditional Design - Focused on

• Structural Damage
• Life protection LEVEL
LEVEL
LEVEL Damage allowed but
avoiding collapse
under seismic events
Limited damage of extremely high or severe
on non structural intensity
Resist w/o elements
under seismic events
damage of medium intesity
under seismic
events of moderate
intensity
3.1 New Seismic Design Philosophy

More
Comfort

Life safety
Structural
&
Protection
Protection
SEISMIC
PROTECTION
TECHNOLOGIES

Equipment &
Continuous
contents
operation
protection
3.1 Seismic Isolation

The structure vibrates and the corresponding The vibration is reduced

deformation generates damage between 6 to 8 times

Building w/o Building with

Base Isolation Base Isolation
3.2 Seismic Isolation

CONCEPT

Ve

R = 2bd
R=7

Vi
3.2 Devices

• Rubber bearings, sliders, frictional pendulum system (fps),

other isolators
3.3 Energy Dissipation

The structure vibrates and the corresponding The vibration is reduced between
deformation generates damage 40 and 50%

EDIFICIO SIN DISIPACION EDIFICIO CON DISIPACION

Building w/o Building with

Dissipation Dissipation
 3.4 Energy Dissipation

CONCEPT

Ve
(W/g)

1.2
NCh. 2745-03
(W/g)

1
Force

0.8
Sísmica
Seismic

0.6
Fuerza

B ≈ 1.5 -

0.4
Lateral

0.2
2

0
0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3
Period (sec)
3.5 Tuned Mass Dampers (TMD)

CONCEPT

The structure vibrates and the The masses counteracts the

corresponding deformation generates building vibration
damage

EDIFICIO SIN DISIPACION EDIFICIO CON DISIPACION

Building w/o Building with

TMD TMD
 4. Applications / Projects
Energy dissipation and TMD
solutions
Office building with viscous dampers
+ residential building with TMD

• Residential and Office buildings

 4. Applications / Projects
Design of the Seismic Isolation System for the New Military Hospital Design of the Seismic Isolaion System
for the San Carlos de Apoquindo UC Hospital

Design of the Seismic Isolation System for the

Design of the Seismic Isolation System
ACHS Building
for Universidad de Los Andes Hospital

• Healthcare / Hospitals
 4. Applications / Projects

Design of the Seismic Isolation System for the Maipú Hospital Design of the Seismic Isolation System for the Antofagasta Hospital

Design of the Seismic Isolation System for CARS Hospital(Southern

Design of the Seismic Isolation System for the La Florida Hospital Santiago Health Assistance Center)

• Healthcare / Hospitals
4. Applications / Projects

• Infrastructure / Bridges
 4. Applications / Projects

Seismic Isolation System Wharf

Coronel, VIII Región, Chile

Location : Coronel, VIII Región, Chile

Construction phase: 2007-2008
Material: Steel piles / concrete slab
Dimensions: 420m long and 37m wide
Usage: 1200 ton Cranes and
2.5 ton/m2 live loads
Seismic devices: 96 rubber bearings

reduction in seismic deformations

80% and forces, in comparison with the
conventional design

• Infrastructure / Ports
 4. Applications / Projects

Structural engineering and

Seismic Isolation System,
Santa Cruz Project

Location : Santa Cruz, VI Región, Chile

Constr. beginning: 2012
Material: Concrete
Nº of buildings: 8
Seismic devices: 56 rubber bearings
168 sliders

Implementation of low cost

isolators (sliders)

• Social Housing
 4. Applications / Projects

Seismic Isolation Natural Liquid

Gas Tank, Mejillones, Chile
Characteristics:
• Prestressed concrete and steel structure
• Maximum weight: 160,000tons
• Dimensions: h=50m , D=90m.
• Storage Capacity: 175,000m3 LNG at -164ºC

Seismic Isolation System

• 501 rubber bearings (208 with lead core)

• Industrial
4. Applications / Projects

3D Seismic Isolation Solution

European – Extremely Large
Telescope (E-ELT, ESO)

reduction in seismic deformations and

90% forces, in comparison with the
conventional design

• Industrial / Complex projects

5. Typical solution Costs

Response
App. Cost
Solution type Reduction
(USD/m2)
(times)
Seismic
30 6 - 10
Isolation
Metallic
19 1.5 - 2
Dissipation
Viscous
30 1.5 - 2
Dissipation
TMD 15 1.25 - 1.4
Note: These costs do not consider the reduction of structure
(concrete, reinforcement) due to the incorporation of Seismic
Protection Technologies.
6. Conclusions

After the last major earthquake 8.8 in Chile, seismic

protection systems proved to be the best
solution to protect structures, contents and ensure
continuity of operations.

Although earthquake characteristics in New Zealand and Chile

are different, the same seismic protection
technologies can be applied with up to 90%
response reduction.

Seismic protection systems can be incorporated into

a wide range of projects, such as buildings, industries,
infrastructure, ports, hospitals, among others.