Brainstorm on this:

What are the biggest health issues and

concerns that people around the world
face today? List them on the board. Your
teacher will help you clarify new terms
and concepts.
The term “global health” rose in
popularity along with the rise of
globalization. Both terms improved
public awareness of vulnerabilities and
shared responsibilities among people for
the different injustices in the world.
 Millennium Development Goals
The United Nations Millennium Development
Goals are eight targets that all 191 UN Member
States have agreed to achieve by 2015.

The United Nations Millennium Declaration, signed

in September 2000 commits world leaders to fight
discrimination against women and children,
disease, hunger, poverty, illiteracy, and
environmental degradation. All of these goals
cannot be attained without addressing each and
everyone. All of them influence, affect and depend
on better global health programs and policies
 Millennium Development Goals

1 Developing countries particularly in Africa

and Asia suffer from extreme poverty and
hunger. Poverty and hunger leads to severe
malnutrition which leads to lifelong physical
and cognitive (learning and reasoning) damage
and affects health, well-being and the
economy.
 Millennium Development Goals

Education
Promoting gender equality
Producing more jobs
Investing more in agriculture
Strengthened nutrition programs for children
and infants
Support and protection of developing and
vulnerable countries
 Millennium Development Goals

2 Persons, particularly women who are

educated, are more likely to seek medical
care especially during pregnancy, ensuring
proper nutrition for their family, adopting
healthy sanitary practices and ensuring
immunization of children. As an effect,
infants and children have better survival
rates, are healthier and better nourished.
 Millennium Development Goals

• Marry and have their own families at a later stage

in life
• Practice family planning and have fewer children
• Know rights, responsibilities and civic obligations
• Seek employment and sustain personal and
family needs
• Have decreased risk of getting sexually
transmitted infections like HIV/AIDS
• Support and protection of developing and
vulnerable countries during crises
 Millennium Development Goals

3 Gender equality means equal

representation of men and women. It implies
that all gender should have equal value and
treatment. Equal gender treatment empowers
women and other groups creating
opportunities in education, work, finances,
and other aspects which improves the
economy and lessen effects of financial crises.
 Millennium Development Goals

• Early childhood development intervention

• Promotion of women’s political rights and
involvement
• Improved reproductive health programs and
policies
• Education and integrating gender equality in
school curriculum
• Improved women’s access to work and
strengthened labor policies for women
• Support and protection of developing and
vulnerable countries during crises
 Millennium Development Goals

4 Programs and policies which help reduce child

mortality like improving nutritional intake,
healthcare facilities and infrastructure, and
other fields which improve children’s lives.
Strengthening local and national health
programs and policies is one way to reduce
child mortality.
 Millennium Development Goals

• Immunization programs
• Assuring the survival and better health of
mothers
• Improving reproductive health programs and
policies
• Better nutrition program for infants, children
and mothers
 Millennium Development Goals

5 Improved maternal health is not only about mother’s

health but also involves the health and wellness of the
family. Maternal health also helps eradicate other problems
like poverty, gender inequality, decreased workforce, lower
birth deaths, and disability of women. Some ways to
improve maternal health include:
• Improved and proper nutrition of mothers
• Teaching the benefits of birth spacing and small family size
• Educating young boys and girls about the importance of
maternal health
• Better and improved access to hospital care especially
obstetric-gynecology, prenatal and postnatal care
 Millennium Development Goals

6 Emerging and re-emerging diseases like

HIV/AIDS, malaria, influenza and other
diseases affect productivity and growth of
nations. Some of the effects of disease
outbreak are loss of jobs, shortage in
professional workers, and creating social
crises. Children are the most vulnerable and
are exposed to exploitation and abuse
undermining their normal growth and
development.
 Millennium Development Goals

• Improved housing conditions

• Increased access to anti-malarial medicines
• Promoting safer sex behavior and preventive
education for all
• Promoting Tuberculosis (TB) screening of
HIV/AIDS persons and
• TB - Directly Observed Treatment Short (TB-
DOTS)
 Millennium Development Goals

7 Investing and supporting sustainable

energy like solar, wind and water energy
help support jobs, create business
opportunities, and save remaining non-
renewable energy sources.
Environmental sustainability assures
peoples to live healthier and enjoy a
clean and green environment
 Millennium Development Goals

• Cleaner air and environment

• Clean, environment-friendly, and
renewable energy
• New and aspiring jobs and business in
energy
 Millennium Development Goals

8 The United Nations, World Health

Organization, World Bank and
governments work together to make
sure there is fair trade and that heavily
indebted countries obtain relief and
funds to combat poverty, malnutrition
and funds for education and social
projects.
 Millennium Development Goals

• Expanded international trade agreements

• Improved access to affordable medicine
• Reduced poverty through government debt
relief grant
• Developed information and communication
technology (ICT) infrastructure