URINARY ASSESSMENT

NURUL YAAMAH
ASSESSMENT
• Nursing assessment is the first step taken
by nurses to obtain subjective and
objective data date are carried out
systematically.The assessment process
includes three phases, namely interviews,
physical examinations,
and documentation.

• - The purpose of the interview is to obtain

the information needed to identify and plan
nursing actions, and to provide
opportunities for nurses to begin
developing a relationship of trust with
patients.
The data collected during the assessment
phase of the interview related
to kep erawatan urinary system are as
follows.
 INTERVIEW

• The purpose of the interview is to

obtain the information needed to
identify and plan nursing actions,
and to provide opportunities for
nurses to begin developing a
relationship of trust with patients.
The data collected during the
assessment phase of the interview
related to kep erawatan urinary
system are as follows.
 Current medical history
• Kidney dysfunction can cause a series of complex
and visible symptoms throughout the body. The history of
illness must include the following information relating to
renal and urinary functions.
1. The main complaints of patients or the main reason why
he came hospital
2. The presence of pain: assess the location, character,
duration, and relationship to urination; the factors that
trigger pain and alleviate them
3. Symptoms of heat or chills, frequent fatigue, changes in
body weight, changes in appetite, frequent thirst, fluid
retention, headaches, pruritus, and blurred vision
4. Elimination pattern
5. Nutrition - metabolic pattern
Future Health History. History
traktur urinary infection

• Therapy or hospital treatment

that has been experienced to
deal with urinary tract
infections, how long is treated.
• Symptoms of heat or chills.
• Previous cystoscopy, history of
urinary catheter use and results
of renal or urinary
diagnostic examinations
•
History of the following conditions:
1. Hematuria, discoloration, or
urine volume.
2. Nocturia and when it started
3. Disease in childhood ("strep
throat", impetigo, nephrotic
syndrome).
4. Kidney stones (renal calculi),
urinary stone excretion into
the urine
5. Abnormalities affecting kidney
function or urinary tracts
 Family Health History

• Assess for family history of

kidney or bladder disease (renal
polycystic, congenital urinary
abnormalities, hereditary
Alport's / nephritis syndrome).
• Assess for elimination problems
associated with family habits

•
Health History Social
1. Assess work history, whether exposed to chemicals
such as phenol and ethylene glycol. The smell of
ammonia and organic chemicals can increase the risk
of bladder cancer. Textile workers, painters,
hairdressers and industrial workers are at high risk of
developing bladder tumors. Someone who sits more
often tends to experience static urine so that it can
cause infections and kidney stones.
2. Someone who experiences bone demineralization
with limited physical activity causes an increase in
calcium in the urine
3. Men tend to experience chronic prostate
inflammation or epididymis after lifting heavy objects
or driving long distances.
4. Also need information on the patient's residence. The
plateau is more at risk of urinary tract stones
because of the increased mineral content in the soil
and water in the highlands
Treatment

• Diuretics can change the quantity

and character of urine output.
• Phenazopyridine (pyridium) and
nitrofurantoin (macrodantin) can
change the color of urine .
• Anticoagulants can cause
hematuria.
• Antidepressants, antihistamines,
and drugs to treat neurological and
musculoskeletal disorders, can
affect the bladder's or sphinter's
ability to contract or relax normally.
 EXAMINATION

• Physical examination
• Vital signs: blood pressure, pulse,
breathing, and body temperature
• Urinal system physical
examination . Physical examination
techniques Possible abnormalities
• Inspection

•
 Palpation
1. Kidney
• The left kidney is rarely palpable, however
try to palpate the kidney to determine its size and
sensation.
Do not palpate when in doubt because it can
cause tissue damage.
• Position the supine patient, palpation is done
from the right.
• Place the left hand under the abdomen between
the ribs and iliac arch. Right hand at the
top. shiny and tense, indication of fluid retention
or ascites. Bladder distension, kidney
enlargement. Redness, ulceration, swelling, or
presence of fluid, an indication of infection. In
males there is usually a urinary meatus deviation
such as a congenital defect.
• Encourage the patient to take a deep breath and
press the right hand while the left hand pushes
up
• Do the same for the right kidney

2. Bladder
 Percussion

1. Kidney
• Adjust the position of the client
sitting back to the examiner.
• Place the non-dominant hand palm
over the costovertebral angle
(CVA), do percussion or collision
on the palm of the hand using the
dominant fist.
• Repeat the procedure for the right
kidney.
If the bladder is full, it will feel
soft , round, firm, and
sensitive. Tenderness and pain in
percussion CVA are indicative of
glomerulonephritis or
glomerulonephrosis.
 Auscultation

• Use the stethoscope diaphragm to

consult the upper part of the
costovertebral angle and the upper
quadrant of the
abdomen. If bruit sounds (noisy) in
the abdominal aorta and renal artery,
then an indication of impaired blood
flow to the kidneys (renal artery
stenosis)