BENGKEL TEKNIK MENJAWAB

SOALAN SPM

KERTAS 2

BIOLOGI

SMK KOMPLEKS KLIA

SABTU (13 JULAI 2019)

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 PROFIL DIRI

NAMA : NORIZAN BT MOHD DARAWI

UMUR : 36 TAHUN
TEMPAT BERKHIDMAT : KOLEJ TUNKU KURSHIAH,SEREMBAN
SUBJEK DIAJAR: BIOLOGI, SAINS
JAWATAN : KETUA PANITIA

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 PENCAPAIAN DALAM PERKHIDMATAN

1)ANUGERAH PERKHIDMATAN CEMERLANG -2014

2)ANUGERAH INOVASI NEGARA -2015
3)PENCAPAIAN SAINS TERBAIK PT3 NEGERI SEMBILAN-
2017,2018
4)PENCAPAIAN 3 TERBAIK BIOLOGI SPM NEGERI
SEMBILAN-2011,2012,2013,2016,2018
5)MEWAKILI MALAYSIA DALAM PERTANDINGAN R&D
a)INTEL ISEF, CALIFORNIA,USA-2014
b)INTEL ISEF,ARIXONA,USA-2016
c) ISIF, ISTANBUL-2017

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 TP : PENGETAHUAN

Answer:
R : Chromosome/ (sister) chromatid
Kromosom
Reject : chromatin/nucleus/homologous chromosome
Kromatin/nucleus/kromosom homolog

S : Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Jalinan endoplasma kasar
Reject : RER/Rough ER/nucleus
RER/ER kasar/nukleus

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 TP : KEFAHAMAN

Answer :
DNA //Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA// Asid deoksiribonukleik

TP : KEFAHAMAN

(b)

Answer:

Deoxyribose (sugar) / 5C sugar 11

(gula) deoksiribosa/gula 5C
 TP: APLIKASI

(3 marks/3 marka

Answer:
Vacuole expand/
P1 : (vacuole/Q) expands/size/volume is bigger/swell/size increased Vakuol mengemban
(vakuol/Q) mengembang/saiz/isipadu menjadi lebih besar/membesar/saiz
bertambah

P2:water diffuses into Q/vacuole

air meresap masuk ke dalam Q/vakuol
Reject : water diffuse into the cell/air meresap masuk ke dalam sel Direction of
diffusion/
P3:through osmosis Arah
penyerapan
secara osmosis
Reject : water move/enter/flow into the vacuole (accept if there is by osmosis)
air bergerak/masuk/mengalir ke dalam vakuol (terima sekiranya ada secara
osmosis)

P4:Q/vacuole pushes the cytoplasm/plasma membrane to the cell wall/P //create turgor
pressure Effect of vacuole
Q/vakuol menolak sitoplasma/membran plasma ke dinding sel/P // menghasilkan kesan kepada
vakuol
tekanan segah 12
 TP:APLIKASI
(C)

(2 marks/2 markah)

Answers
P1 : plant cell has cell wall
sel tumbuhan mempunyai dinding sel
Component /komponen
P2 : cell wall is made up of cellulose
dinding sel dibina daripada selulosa

P3: strong/rigid/tough
kuat/tegar/kukuh
Reject : hard/keras
Characteristics of cell wall/
ciri-ciri dinding sel

P4: provide (mechanical) support //maintain the shape of the (plant) cell
menyediakan (sokongan) mekanikal//mengekalkan bentuk sel (tumbuhan)
Reject : maintain structure of the cell/mengekalkan
struktur sel
Function of cell wall/ 1
fungsi dinding sel
TP:PENGETAHUAN

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Answers
(i) Meristematic tissue/ tisu meristem:
Consists of small cell/thin walls/large nuclei/dense cytoplasm//no vacuoles//(actively)
dividing/mitosis//has not undergone differentiation/specialization
Terdiri daripada sel bersaiz kecil/dinding nipis/nukleus bersaiz besar/sitoplasma
padat//tiada vakuol //membahagi secara (aktif)/mitosis//masih belum
membeza/mengkhusus
Reject : Cell divide by meiosis/sel membahagi secara meiosis

(ii) Collenchyma tissue/tisu kolenkima:

Unevenly thickened cell wall/thickened cell wall at the corner//thick cell wall//have large
vacuole//undergone differentiation/specialization
Penebalan dinding sel yang tidak sekata/penebalan dinding sel pada bucu//Dinding sel
yang tebal//mempunyai vakuol yang besar//menjalani pembezaan/pengkhususan

Reject : Lignified cell wall (collenchyma tissue has no lignin)

dinding sel berlignin (tisu kolenkima tiada lignin)

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TP:PENGETAHUAN

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Answers
Rice : Polysaccharides
Nasi : Polisakarida

Honey : Monosaccharides (fructose)

Madu : Monosakarida (fruktosa)

TP : APLIKASI

(3 marks/3 markah)

Answers
P1 : Rice contains starch//long chain (unit) of monosaccharides/ glucose Starch/kanji
Nasi mengandungi kanji//rantaian panjang (unit) monosakarida/glukosa

P2: excess sugar/glucose cannot be converted into glycogen Excess glucose/glukosa

gula/glukosa berlebihan tidak boleh ditukarkan kepada glikogen berlebihan

High blood
P3:which cause high glucose/sugar level (in blood/body/urine) glucose/
yang menyebabkan aras glukosa/gula yang tinggi (dalam darah/badan/urin) glukosa di
dalam darah
tinggi
P4:because diabetic patients cannot secrete (enough) insulin
kerana pesakit diabetes tidak boleh merembeskan insulin (dengan cukup) Less insulin/insulin
kurang
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 TP: KEFAHAMAN

(2 marks/2 markah)

Answers
P1 : condensation process occurs Process/proses
proses kondensasi berlaku

P2: //(when) two monosaccharides/T and U/glucose and galactose

combined/(when) a bond is formed between two molecules of
monosaccharides/T and U
//(apabila) dua monosakarida/T dan U/glukosa dan galaktosa Subtrate/Substrat
bergabung/(apabila) ikatan terbentuk antara dua molekul
monosakarida/ T dan U
Reject : React/bertindak balas
P3: (condensation) involves the removal of (a) water molecule//
producing (a) water molecule
Product (water)/Produk (air)
(kondensasi) menyebabkan penyingkiran satu molekul air

P4: lactose/disaccharide is formed

laktosa/disakarida terbentuk Product (lactose)/Produk (laktosa)
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Reject : molecule V is formed because it is in question/molekul V terbentuk kerana ada di dalam soalan
 TP: KEFAHAMAN

(2 marks/2 markah)

Answers
P1 : hydrolysis process occurs Process/proses
proses hidrolisis berlaku

P2: the bond between two molecules of monosaccharides can be broken down/
Subtrate/substrat
the bond of lactose/disaccharide/is broken down/hydrolysed
ikatan antara dua molekul monosakarida boleh diuraikan/ ikatan antara laktosa
/disakarida boleh diuraikan/hidrolisis
Reject : Convert/ditukar Accept : Digest/dicernakan

P3: involves the addition of water//water molecule is used Substrate/substrat

melibatkan penambahan air//molekul air digunakan

P4: 2 monosaccharides/glucose and galactose are formed

Product/produk
2 monosakarida/glukosa dan galaktosa terbentuk

Reject : molecule V is formed because it is in question/

molekul V terbentuk kerana ada di dalam soalan

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 TP: APLIKASI

(3 marks/3 markah)

Answers:
P1 : Sucrose is a non-reducing sugar/not a reducing agent/sugar
sukrosa adalah gula bukan penurun/bukan agen penurun/gula Type/jenis

P2:Sucrose does not react with Benedict solution/CuSo4/copper (II) sulphate Reaction with
sukrosa tidak bertindakbalas dengan larutan benedict/ CuSo4/kuprum(II) sulfat benedict/
tindak balas dengan
benedik

P3: reduction does not occurs//cupric ion/Cu2+ (ion)/copper (II) sulphate ion cannot be reduced
penurunan tidak berlaku//(ion) kuprik/(ion) Cu2+/kuprum (II) sulfat tidak diturunkan Reaction of
reduction/tindak
balas penurunan

P4: no cuprous ion/Cu+ (ion)/copper (I) oxide/ion form/no brick-red precipitate formed
tiada ion kuprus/(ion) Cu+/ion kuprum (I)oksida terbentuk//tiada mendakan merah Product/hasil
bata terbentuk

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 TP : PENGETAHUAN

(1 mark/1 markah)

Answers
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Salivary gland/ kelenjar (air) liur
 TP: KEFAHAMAN

(3 marks/3 markah)

Answers:
P1 : Salivary gland/gland X secretes saliva
Kelenjar (air) liur /kelenjar X merembeskan (air) liur

P2:Saliva contains (salivary) amylase (enzyme)/gland X secrete amylase

Air liur mengandungi (enzim) amilase (air liur)/kelenjar X menghasilkan amilase

P3: (amylase) hydrolyses/break down/digest starch into maltose

(amilase) menghidrolisis kanji kepada maltose
Reject: break only/without maltose
pecah sahaja/tanpa maltose

P4: Saliva provides a neutral medium/optimum pH/condition/pH 6.5-7.5 in the mouth

Air liur menyediakan medium neutral/pH 6.5-7.5 di dalam mulut

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 TP : KEFAHAMAN

(3 marks/3 markah)

Answers:
P1: Enzyme in stomach/pepsin/rennin is not compatible/suitable/complement to starch
//pepsin/rennin only compatible to protein
Enzim di dalam perut/pepsin/rennin tidak sepadan/sesuai dengan kanji//pepsin/rennin
hanya sepadan dengan protein

P2 : Acidic medium/low pH value/unsuitable pH/presence of HCI in stomach

Medium berasid/nilai pH rendah/pH yang tidak sesuai/kehadiran HCl di dalam
perut

P3: Stop the activity of amylase//amylase is denatured/destroy/change in shape/charge

menghentikan aktiviti amilase//amilase ternyahasli/musnah/berubah bentuk/cas

P4 : starch is unable to be hydrolysed/broken down/digested

kanji tidak dapat dihidrolisiskan/diurai/dicernakan

Reject : Bread cannot be digest/roti tidak dapat dicernakan

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 TP: PENGETAHUAN

(1 mark/1 markah)

Answers:
Gall bladder/Pundi hempedu

TP : APLIKASI

(2 marks/2 markah)

Answers:
P1 : Bile cannot be channelled/enter into S//no bile/bile salt into S/duodenum
Blockage/penyumbatan
Hempedu tidak boleh disalurkan ke dalam S//tiada hempedu/garam
hempedu ke dalam S/duodenum

P2: Lipid does not emulsify//No emulsification of lipid//Lipid is not broken down
into tiny droplets//less surface area of lipid//pH is not alkaline/optimum Emulsification/pengemulsian
Lipid tidak diemulsikan//Tiada pengemulsian lipid berlaku//Lipid tidak boleh
dipecahkan/dihidrolisiskan kepada butiran halus//luas permukaan lipid
berkurangan

P3: lipid is not/less broken down (by lipase)//less fatty acid and glycerol are formed Digestion/pencernaan
lipid tidak/kurang diuraikan (oleh lipase)//kurang asid lemak dan gliserol terbentuk 24
 TP : ANALISIS

(2 marks/2 markah)

Answers:
If the bile is presence/sekiranya hempedu hadir
P1: In Q, protein is broken down (into polypeptide/peptone).In S, polypeptide/
peptone/dipeptide is broken down (into peptides)//In Q,polypeptide/
peptone is produced, while in S, peptide/dipeptide is produced Subtrate/substrat
Dalam Q, protein dipecahkan (kepada polipeptida/peptone). Dalam S,
polipeptida/pepton/dipeptide diuraikan (kepada peptide)//Dalam Q,
polipeptida/pepton dihasilkan, manakala dalam S, peptide/dipeptide
dihasilkan

P2:Q contain pepsin while S contains trypsin

Q mengandungi pepsin manakala S mengandungi tripsin Product/hasil

P3:pH in Q is acidic, pH in S is alkaline

pH dalam Q adalah berasid,pH dalam S adalah beralkali pH/pH

If the bile is not presence/sekiranya hempedu tidak hadir

P4: In Q, protein is broken down.In S, polypeptide is not broken down
//In Q, polypeptide is produced, in S peptide is not produced
Dalam Q, protein diuraikan. Dalam S, polipeptida tidak diuraikan
//Dalam Q, polipeptida dihasilkan, dalam S peptida tidak dihasilkan

P5:same as P2/sama dengan P2

P6: The condition are acidic/keadaan adalah berasid 25
 TP:PENGETAHUAN

(2 marks/2 markah)

Answers:
L:Hormone ADH//Antidiuretic hormone M:Aldosterone
hormone ADH//Hormon antidiuresis Aldosteron 26
 TP:KEFAHAMAN

(3 marks/3 markah)

Answers:
P1: Gland J/Pituitary gland (is stimulated /release to) secrete (more) ADH
Kelenjar J/pituitari dirangsang untuk merembeskan/menghasilkan lebih banyak ADH

P2:the wall of distal convoluted tubule/collecting duct/kidney/uriniferus/renal tubule is

more permeable to water
dinding tubul distal /tubul pengumpul/tubul ginjal/uriniferus/renal lebih telap terhadap
air
Reject : nephrone tubule/tubul nefron
P3:more water is reabsorbed (into the blood capillary)
lebih banyak air diserap semula (ke dalam kapilari darah)

P4:blood osmotic pressure decreases/back to normal

tekanan osmosis darah berkurangan/kembali ke normal

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 TP:KEFAHAMAN

(3 marks/3 markah)

Answers:
P1:Adrenal gland secretes (more) adrenaline (hormone)
Kelenjar adrenal menghasilkan lebih banyak hormone adrenalin

P2:after stimulated by hypothalamus

setelah dirangsang oleh hipotalamus

P3:rate of metabolism/respiration increases//increase/more blood glucose (level)

//shivering//more glycogen converted into glucose//vasoconstriction (of blood
capillary under the skin)
kadar metabolisme meningkat//bertambah/lebih banyak (aras) glukosa dalam darah//
menggigil//lebih banyak glikogen ditukarkan kepada glukosa//pengecutan salur darah
(di bawah kulit)

P4:more heat is produced//less heat loss through radiation

lebih banyak haba dihasilkan//kurang haba hilang melalui radiasi

P5:body temperature increases/back to normal

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suhu badan meningkat/kembali kepada normal
TP:APLIKASI

(2 marks/2 markah)

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Answers:

P1 : The total surface area decreases/remain

Jumlah luas permukaan berkurangan
Reject : total surface area/volume
jumlah luas permukaan kepada isipadu

P2: Time taken for the blood through the semi-permeable dialysis tubing decreases/time for
dialysis increase/rate of dialysis decrease/rate of diffusion of waste product decrease/
less efficient
Masa yang diambil untuk darah mengalir (menerusi tubul dialysis separa telap)
berkurangan//masa untuk dialisis meningkat//kadar dialisis berkurang//kadar
penyerapan hasil kumuhan berkurang/kurang efisien

P3:Less substances / urea / salt will diffuse out (from dialysis tubing / blood into
the dialysis fluid)
Reject : Clean blood
Membersihkan darah

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 TP: SINTESIS

Answers:
P1:cannot carry out their function as an excretory organ
tidak boleh menjalankan fungsinya sebagai organ perkumuhan
Accept: filter out blood / eliminated waste product / ultrafiltration is not efficient

P2:Metabolic waste/ excretory product cannot be excreted / is accumulated (in the body)
Sisa metabolik / bahan kumuh tidak dapat dikumuhkan / terkumpul (dalam badan)
Accept: toxin

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PP3 :cannot act as an osmoregulatory organ
tidak dapat berfungsi sebagai organ osmoregulasi

P4: blood osmotic pressure / water and salts balance cannot be maintained
/ accumulation of water / fluid (in the body / alveolus) / water retention
increases
tekanan osmosis darah/keseimbangan air dan garam tidak dapat dikekalkan/pengekalan
air dalam badan

P5: Cause oedema/weak/tired/body swelling/hematuria/pulmonary oedema/inactive

Menyebabkan edema/lemah/penat/badan membengkak/kencing berdarah/edema peparu
/tidak aktif

P6: need to undergo haemodialysis treatment/kidney transplant

perlu menjalani rawatan hemodialisis/pemindahan buah pinggang

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