DST CONCEPT

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Intro to WCP and Compass – slide 1
 DST Concept
 Lecture Objectives.
By the end of this lecture , YOU should be able to :

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 List the 3 main DST components
 List the 3 main DST pressures
 List the 3 main DST types
 Describe the DST concept

Intro to WCP and Compass – slide 2

DST Concept

The primary DST functions,

whether conducted in

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openhole
or cased wells, are to:

• Isolate the target zone.

• Control well flow.
• Convey fluid to surface.
• Acquire downhole data.

Intro to WCP and Compass – slide 3

DST Concept

The 3 basic equipment for a

drill stem test consits of a string
(tubing or drillpipe), a packer
and a valve.

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1. The string channels
the flow to surface.
2. The packer is a rubber
element to isolate the
zone to be tested.
3. The valve provides a
method of controlling
the well near the
reservoir.

Intro to WCP and Compass – slide 4

 DST Concept
3

Ph: Hydrostatic
pressure
Pf: Formation pressure

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Pc: Cushion pressure

Generally, the
relationship among
these pressures is:

Ph > Pf > Pc

Intro to WCP and Compass – slide 5

DST Concept
The Packer isolates the formation from the
annulus, the two pressures (Ph and Pf)
must be isolated from one another.

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The Tester valve controls the formation.
- shut the well downhole to minimize
wellbore storage effect
- isolates annular fluid from cushion while
RIH, preventing U-tubing
-provides a seal for pressure test the string

After the packer is set and sealed, the test

valve can then be opened and
hydrocarbons can be produced to surface.
This will only occur if Pc < Ph

Intro to WCP and Compass – slide 6

DST Concept
The general steps (no TCP) for starting a DST
are:
1. W/L perforated “over-balance”

2. RIH DST with Tester valve closed,

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filling up tubing with cushion.

3. Set packer.

4. Open Tester valve (CM closed)

Intro to WCP and Compass – slide 7

DST Concept
The general steps for ending a DST
are:
1. Open the reverse circulating valve
and “Reverse out” (flush
hydrocarbons from drillpipe or

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tubing).

2. Close the reverse circulating valve.

3. Open the tester valve.

4. Pump mud into test string to kill the

tested interval.

5. Unseat the packer.

6. Pull the string out of the hole

(POOH)
Intro to WCP and Compass – slide 8
DST Concept
Types of DST

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Intro to WCP and Compass – slide 9
 DST Concept
Well location & configuration

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Intro to WCP and Compass – slide 10
 DST Concept / PACKERS

PACKERS are designed to isolate the

perforated interval from the mud column.
The weight applied on the packer
compress its rubber elements against the

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casing and creates a seal between the
annulus and tubing.

Three main types of Packers

- FlexPac packer
- PosiTest packer
- Positrieve packer

Intro to WCP and Compass – slide 11

 DST Concept / PACKERS

FlexPa PosiTes Positriev

c t e

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Intro to WCP and Compass – slide 12
 DST Concept / Tester Valves

Various types are used:

- MFE (Multi Flow Evaluator)
Operated by manipulation of the test string.

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Applications: Onshore and Jack-up rigs
- PCT (Pressure Controlled Tester)
Operated by annulus (and tubing) pressure.
Application: Offshore, floating facilities.
- IRIS dual-valve tool (IRDV)
(IRIS= Intelligent Remote Implementation System)
Operated & Application as PCT

Intro to WCP and Compass – slide 13

 DST Concept / Tester Valve

IRIS dual-valve PCT valve

tool

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Intro to WCP and Compass – slide 14
Tubing or drillpipe
Slip joints (2 or more)
Drill collars
DST
Redundant circulating valve
Concept
Drill collars Typical DST or TCP tool
Surface Read out
string
RA marker
Drills collar

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Surface readout
Downhole valve
Hydrostatic reference tool
Pressure recorders (2 or
more)
Hydraulic jar
Safety joint
Packer
Slotted tailpipe
Debris sub
Tubing
Firing head
Safety spacer
Intro to WCP and Compass – slide 15
Perforating gun
DST Concept
Basic operation:
• During the initial phase of the test, the
wellbore fluids, and, later, the drilling fluid
(mud) that has invaded the formation in the
vicinity of the wellbore flow to surface. This is

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known as the cleanup period. Cleanup is
complete when the well effluent at surface is
reservoir fluid that contains no mud particles or
cuttings at surface.
• Once cleanup is complete, the main flow
period can be maintained for the planned
duration, during which downhole pressure
measurements and surface flow rates are
recorded. At the end of the main flow period,
the tester valve is closed. Formation pressure
builds up against the valve while downhole
pressure measurement continues.
Intro to WCP and Compass – slide 16
DST CONCEPT

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The
END

Intro to WCP and Compass – slide 17