Phy05P: General Physics I 1st Term, A.Y.

2018-2019

APPLICATION
Newton’s Laws of Motion
A gymnast with mass mG = 50.0 kg suspends herself from the lower
end of a hanging rope of negligible mass. The upper end of the rope is
attached to the gymnasium ceiling.

(a) What is the gymnast’s weight?

(b) What force (magnitude and direction) does the rope exert on her?
(c) What is the tension at the top of the rope?

EXAMPLE MASSLESS ROPE

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A gymnast with mass mG = 50.0 kg suspends herself from the lower
end of a hanging rope with weight 120 N. The upper end of the rope is
attached to the gymnasium ceiling.

(a) What is the tension on the lower end of the rope?

(b) What is the tension on the upper end of the rope?

EXAMPLE ROPE WITH MASS

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A car engine with weight w hangs from a chain that is linked at ring O
to two other chains, one fastened to the ceiling and the other to the
wall. Find expressions for the tension in each of the three chains in
terms of w. The weights of the ring and chains are negligible compared
with the weight of the engine.

EXAMPLE 2D Equilibrium

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A car of weight w rests on a slanted ramp attached to a trailer. Only a
cable running from the trailer to the car prevents the car from rolling
off the ramp. Find the tension in the cable and the force that the ramp
exerts on the car’s tires.

EXAMPLE INCLINED PLANE

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An iceboat is at rest on a frictionless horizontal surface. A wind is
blowing along the direction of the runners so that 4.0 s after the
iceboat is released, it is moving at 6.0 m/s. What constant horizontal
force Fw does the wind exert on the iceboat? The combined mass of
the iceboat and the rider is 200 kg.

EXAMPLE LINEAR WITH CONSTANT FORCE

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Suppose a constant horizontal friction force with magnitude 100 N
opposes the motion of the iceboat. In this case, what constant force Fw
must the wind exert on the iceboat to cause the same constant x-
acceleration?

EXAMPLE LINEAR WITH FRICTION

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You push a 1.00-kg food tray through the cafeteria line with a constant
9.0-N force. The tray pushes on a 0.50-kg carton of milk. The tray and
carton slide on a horizontal surface so greasy that friction can be
neglected. Find the acceleration of the tray and the carton; and the
horizontal force that the tray exerts on the carton.

EXAMPLE TWO BODIES; SAME ACCELERATION

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FRICTIONAL FORCES
Kinetic friction (fk) is the type of friction that acts when a body slides
over a surface.
𝑓𝑘 = 𝜇𝑘 𝑛

Static friction (fs) is the type of friction when there is no relative

motion.
𝑓𝑠 ≤ 𝑢𝑠 𝑛
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You want to move a 500-N crate across a level floor. To start the crate
moving, you have to pull with a 230-N horizontal force. Once the crate
“breaks loose” and starts to move, you can keep it moving at a
constant velocity with only 200 N. What are the coefficients of static
and kinetic friction?

EXAMPLE FRICTION HORIZONTAL MOTION

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REFERENCES
Young, H.D. and R.A. Freedman. University Physics.
2008. 12th Edition. Pearson Addison-Wesley, CA, USA.

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