Calculate the mean, median and mode.

Interpret the results.

Marco 185 135 200 185 155 250
Marvin 182 185 188 185 180 190

Who is the better player?

Who is more consistent?
 Measures of dispersion
are descriptive statistics
that describe how similar a
set of scores are to each
other.
• It is the measure of extent
to which an individual items
vary.
• Indicator of consistency
among a data set
• Indicates how close data are
clustered about a measure
of central tendency
• When the spread of data
around the central item is
high, the mean or median is
less significant: thus, low
spread enhances the
meaningfulness of the
median or mean.
• Which of the distributions of
scores has the larger
dispersion?
125 125
100 100
75 75
50 50
25 25
0 0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
• To test the reliability of an
average
• To compare the variability of
the two series
• To identify the causes of
variability and to control it
• To serve as a basis for
further statistical analysis
• It is simplest measure of
dispersion.
• It is defined as the difference
between the largest score in
the set of data and the
smallest score in the set of
data, XL - XS.
 R  Xl  Xs
Where,
X l- is the largest score

Xs- is the smallest score

 Find the range.
What is the range in the set of
scores below?
7, 2, 7, 6, 5, 6, 2
Compare:
 Compare:

1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2
,2,2,2,2,2,3,3,3,3,4,5
Range = 5 - 1 = 4

1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,1,2,2,2,2,
2,2,2,2,3,3,3,3,4,120
Range = 120-1 = 119
 Variance is a measure
of dispersion of observations
within a data set.

The symbol for

population variance is:
 2
 Standard deviation is
a numerical value that
describes the variability of
observations from its
arithmetic mean.
The symbol for population
standard deviation is:

Variance
How far individuals in a
group are spread out.
Standard Deviation
How much observations
of a data set differs
from its mean.
Formula for Variance:

s 2

 
n
x 
i 1
x 
i
2

n 1
 Formula for S.D.:

 x 
n 2
x
s i 1 i

n 1
 Marks scored by a
student in five subjects are
60, 75, 46, 58 and 80
respectively. Find the
variance and standard
deviation and interpret the
result.
 Find the variance and
standard deviation of the
following:

1 3 5 6 11 12
15 19 34 37
 Find the variance and
standard deviation of the
following:

10 12 14 15 17
18 18 24
 Which class is more
consistent? Support your
answer.
A 88 88 89 90 91 92 92
B 77 82 88 90 96 98 99
Data A
Mean = 15.5

11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
S = 3.338

Data B Mean = 15.5

S = 0.926
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
21
Data C Mean = 15.5
S = 4.570
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
A sample of six street vendors
along San Pablo St. were surveyed
and obtained their average daily
income as follows: range=450
A sample of six street vendors along
San Pablo St. were surveyed and
obtained their average daily income as
follows:

s  26,586.67
2
s  163.05
ANY QUESTIONS?
SEE THE CONNECTION