CHAPTER 2

Transmission System
CO: Describe construction
&working of various
automobile systems.
Need Of Transmission System
It consist of a clutch, a gearbox, a
propeller shaft and differential.
Function: To engaged or disengaged the
power from engine to transmission
system, to transmit the torque and to
distribute the final torque equally between
the driving wheels.
Clutch
Function of the Clutch is to transmitting
the torque from the engine to the drive
train. Smoothly deliver the power from
the engine to enable smooth vehicle
movement. Perform quietly and to reduce
drive-related vibration.
Clutch
Single Clutch and Multiple Disk Clutch.
Basically, theclutch needs three parts.
These are the engine flywheel, a
friction disc called the clutch plate and a
pressure plate. When the engine is
running and the flywheel is rotating, the
pressure plate also rotates as the
pressure plate is attached to the flywheel.
single plate clutch
Diaphragm Spring Clutch
Diaphragm-spring clutch has similar
construction to that of the multi-coil
spring unit, but it uses a single dished
diaphragm-type spring to apply the
clamping thrust. This spring also serves as
part of the release mechanism.
Diaphragm Spring Clutch
Gear Box
An automobile requires high torque when
climbing hills and when starting, even though
they are performed at low speeds. On other
hand, when running at high speeds on level
roads, high torque is not required because of
momentum. So requirement of a device is
occur, which can change the vehicle’s torque
and its speed according to road condition or
when the driver need. This device is known as
transmission(Gear Box) box.
Gear Box
Function of transmission box (gear box) in
automobile:
The transmission box which is also known as
the gear box is the second element of the power
train in an automobile. It is used to change the
speed and torque of vehicle according to
variety of road and load condition.
Transmission box change the engine speed into
torque when climbing hills and when the
vehicle required. Sometimes it is known as
torque converter. Main functions of a gear box
is as follow:
Gear Box
1. Provide the torque needed to move the
vehicle under a variety of road and load
conditions. It does this by changing the
gear ratio between the engine crankshaft
and vehicle drive wheels.

2. Be shifted into reverse so the vehicle can

move backward.

3. Be shifted into neutral for starting the

engine.
Constant Mesh Gearbox:
In constant mesh gear box all the gears are
always in mesh and the engagement
between the gears which are freely
rotating on the transmission main shaft
and the transmission main shaft is
effected by moving the dog clutches. Dog
clutch is shown in very left in the photo.
Constant Mesh Gearbox:
Synchromesh Gearbox
This is the provision
of synchromesh device which avoids the
necessity of double declutching. The parts
which ultimately are to be engaged are
first brought into frictional contact which
equalizes their speed, after which these
may be engaged smoothly.
Synchromesh Gearbox
Overdrive
Overdrive is the highest gear in the
transmission. Overdrive allows the engine
to operate at a lower RPM for a given
road speed. This allows the vehicle to
achieve better fuel efficiency, and often
quikr operation on the highway.
Overdrive
Transfer case
A transfer case is a part of
the drivetrain of four-wheel-drive, all-
wheel-drive, and other multiple
powered axle vehicles. The transfer case
transfers power from the transmission to
the front and rear axles by means of drive
shafts. It also synchronizes the difference
between the rotation of the front and rear
wheels, and may contain one or more sets
of low range gears for off-road use.
Transfer case
Two Wheeler Gear Box
Most manual transmission two-wheelers use
a sequential gearbox. Most modern
motorcycles (except scooters) change gears (of
which they increasingly have five or six) by
foot lever. On a typical motorcycle either first
or second gear can be directly selected from
neutral, but higher gears may only be accessed
in order – it is not possible to shift from second
gear to fourth gear without shifting through
third gear.
Two Wheeler Gear Box
A five-speed of this configuration would
be known as "one down, four up" because
of the placement of the gears with relation
to neutral. Neutral is to be found "half a
click" away from first and second gears,
so shifting directly between the two gears
can be made in a single movement.
Two Wheeler Gear Box