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  • Matriculation S2 (Igneous Rock - Adit)

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    This document provides information about petrology and the classification of igneous rocks. It defines petrology as the identification and description of rocks to determine their names. It discusses the key characteristics used to identify igneous rocks, including their color, texture, structure, and mineral composition. Texture is determined by crystal size, crystallinity, and granularity. Structure can be massive, vesicular, or fragmental. Rocks are classified based on their mineral content as felsic, mafic, intermediate, or ultramafic, and whether they are extrusive or intrusive based on their occurrences. Major classifications include acid/felsic rocks like granite and rhyolite, intermediate rocks like quartz dior

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    This document provides information about petrology and the classification of igneous rocks. It defines petrology as the identification and description of rocks to determine their names. It discusses the key characteristics used to identify igneous rocks, including their color, texture, structure, and mineral composition. Texture is determined by crystal size, crystallinity, and granularity. Structure can be massive, vesicular, or fragmental. Rocks are classified based on their mineral content as felsic, mafic, intermediate, or ultramafic, and whether they are extrusive or intrusive based on their occurrences. Major classifications include acid/felsic rocks like granite and rhyolite, intermediate rocks like quartz dior

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    37 views32 pages

    Matriculation S2 (Igneous Rock - Adit)

    Uploaded by

    resty2pm
    This document provides information about petrology and the classification of igneous rocks. It defines petrology as the identification and description of rocks to determine their names. It discusses the key characteristics used to identify igneous rocks, including their color, texture, structure, and mineral composition. Texture is determined by crystal size, crystallinity, and granularity. Structure can be massive, vesicular, or fragmental. Rocks are classified based on their mineral content as felsic, mafic, intermediate, or ultramafic, and whether they are extrusive or intrusive based on their occurrences. Major classifications include acid/felsic rocks like granite and rhyolite, intermediate rocks like quartz dior

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    of 32

    PETROLOGY

    PRACTICAL WORK
    by : Aditya Pratama & Kamil Ismail
    QUESTION?
    1. What is petrology?
    2. What is the relation between petrology and geology?
    3. What is the importances of petrology?
    WHAT IS PETROLOGY
    FOR...?
    Petrology is about identify and describe the rocks to know
    the name of the rock.

    DON’T THINK TOO MUCH ABOUT IMPLICATION IN


    PETROLOGY!
    ROCK CYCLE
    IGNEOUS ROCKS
    DEFINITION
    Originate from directly of magma cooling!
    WHAT MUST WE
    DESCRIBE?
    1. COLOUR?
    2. TEXTURE?
    3. STRUCTURE?
    4. COMPOSITION? -> Mineral?
    First identification

    Colour !!
    TEXTURES ON IGNEOUS ROCK
    Determine the relation of each mineral

    What must we identify?


    1. Crystal size
    2. Crystallinity
    3. Granularity
    4. Crystal shape
    TEXTURES
    1. Based on crystal size :
    Very coarse (>30mm)
    Coarse ( 5-30mm)
    Moderate (1-5mm)
    Fine (<1mm)
    TEXTURES
    2. Based on crystallinity:
    Holocrystalline (all crystal)
    Holohyalline (glass)
    Hypocrystalline (crystal and glass)
    TEXTURES
    3. Based on granularity
    Equigranular :
    • Phaneritic (equal size and
    macroscopic)
    • Aphanitic (equal size and
    microscopic)
    Inequigranular :
    • Porphyroaphanitic (have different
    size, phenocryst is visible but
    groundmass not)
    • Phaneroporphyritic (have different
    size, both phenocryst and
    groundmass are visible with naked
    eyes)
    TEXTURES
    4.Based on crystal shape:
    • Euhedral
    • Subhedral
    • Anhedral

    (further analysis with petrography)


    STRUCTURE IN IGNEOUS ROCK
    Determine the relation of the group of minerals
    STRUCTURES
    1. Massive (structure-less)
    2. Vesiculer (vugs/porous)
    • Pumice structure
    • Scorria structure
    3. Fragmental (glass dominated)
    MINERALOGY AND THE
    CLASSIFICATION
    IGNEOUS CLASSIFICATION
    BASED ON MINERAL
    COMPOSITION

    1. Felsic = contain mainly Feldspar (plagioclase and


    orthoclase) and Quartz
    2. Mafic = contain Magnesium and ferrous/ferric mineral
    (biotite, hornblende, pyroxene, olivine)
    3. Intermediate = between BB Felsic n Mafic
    4. Ultramafic = little or no feldspar , rich in Fe, Mg bearing
    mineral (biotite, hornblende, pyroxene, olivine)
    Dark color group
    (contain Fe) Light color group
    (contain more Silica)

    MAYOR MINERAL CONTAIN IN


    IGNEOUS ROCK
    IGNEOUS ROCK CLASSIFICATION
    BASED ON THEIR OCCURENCES

    Extrusive

    Intrusive
    IGNEOUS ROCK CLASSIFICATION
    BASED ON THEIR OCCURENCES

    How can we know?


    TEXTURES (all parameter)!
    EXTRUSIVE ROCK! -> LAVA
    INTRUSIVE ROCK!
    IGNEOUS ROCK CLASSIFICATION

    Travis, R.B. 1955. Classification of rocks. Colorado School Mines, Quarterly 50/1,
    98 p.
    CLASSIFICATION
    (BASED ON MAGMA PROPERTIES)

    acid Intermediate

    basic ultrabasic
    ACID (FELSIC)
    IGNEOUS ROCK
    Mineral contains :
    1. Ortoclase
    2. Plagioclase
    3. Quartz
    4. Biotite

    Occurences:
    5. Batholite
    6. Lacolithe
    7. Stocks

    Granite
    FELSIC IGNEOUS ROCK
    Mineral contains :
    1. Plagioclase
    2. Quartz

    Occurences :
    3. Explosive volcanic rock

    Rhyolite
    INTERMEDIATE IGNEOUS ROCK
    Mineral contains:
    1. Plagioclase
    2. Pyroxene
    3. Quarzt less

    Occurences:
    4. Batholite
    5. Lacolithe
    6. Stocks

    Quartz Diorite
    INTERMEDIATE IGNEOUS ROCK
    Mineral contains:
    1. Plagioclase
    2. Pyroxene

    Occurences:
    3. Lava
    4. Extrusive system

    Andesite
    MAFIC (BASE) IGNEOUS ROCK
    Silica contains : 45 – 52%
    Colour : black-gray
    Mineral contains : plagioclase, olivine, clinopyroxene
    Example: Gabbro, Basalt
    ULTRAMAFIC (ULTRABASE)IGNEOUS
    ROCK
    Silica contains : <45%
    Colour : greenish black
    Mineral contains : Ca-plagioclase, olivine,
    clinopyroxene
    Examples : Peridotite, dunite
    HOW TO DESCRIBE:

    1. Colour :
    2. Tekstur
    • - Granularity :
    • - Crystalinity :
    • - Crystal size :
    3. Structure :
    4. Composition :
    5. Description of each composition (warna, bentuk
    kristal, persentase)
    6. The name of rock! (classification)
    THANK YOU

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