The Philippine Commonwealth

Government
Acebo l Batikin l Fidel l Petate
 Inauguration of the
Commonwealth of the Philippines
Inauguration Ticket Card Seat No. (Obverse)

On November 15, 1935, the

Commonwealth of the
Philippines was inaugurated
with Manuel L.
Inauguration Ticket Card Seat No. (Reverse)
Quezon and Sergio Osmena Sr.
as president and vice president,
respectively.

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 Inauguration of the
Commonwealth of the Philippines
The establishment of the
Commonwealth Government for
the Filipino people was a
realization of their efforts to
govern themselves and chart their
own destiny as a people. For the
first time in Philippine history, a
Filipino occupied Malacanang, the
seat of power in the country.

Official Program of the Inauguration of the

Commonwealth of the Philippines and the Induction into
office of Manuel L Quezon (First President of the
Philippines) and Sergio Osmena (First Vice President of
the Philippines).  Friday, November 15, 1935 at the
Legislative Building, Manila.
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 Inauguration of the
Commonwealth of the Philippines

NEW EXECUTIVES OF THE PHILIPPINE

COMMONWEALTH
Manila, The Philippines - A fine posed picture
of the First Executive of the newly - created
Commonwealth of the Philippines.  They are
(Left) President Manuel L. Quezon and (Right)
Vice President Sergio Osmena. 
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 Inauguration of the
Commonwealth of the Philippines

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 Inauguration of the
Commonwealth of the Philippines

Philippine Coins issued to commemorate the Inauguration

of Commonwealth of the Philippine.
50 Centavos Murphy-Quezon, 1 Peso Murphy-Quezon and
1 Peso Roosevelt- Quezon.

Inauguration Medal given to VIPs

during the celebration.

Official Aide Ribbon during the

Inauguration
Inauguration Pin of Manuel Luis
Quezon Inauguration Medal of Manuel Luis
Quezon as President of the https://pinoykollektor.blogspot.com/search/label/Political
 Philippine Bill of 1902
 This act was established on July 2,
1902.
 It is also known as the Philippine
Bill of 1902 or the Cooper Act for
it was named after Henry A.
Cooper, a member of the U.S
House of Representatives.
 This was the first fundamental law
created and enacted by the United
States Congress in order to
establish a bicameral legislature 2
Henry A. Cooper
years after being established.
 Jones Law of 1916
In 1916, the Jones Act was ratified in US
Congress, this law gives a definite plan for
the possible independence of the
Philippines, the act conveys the following
provisions:
• The position of the civil governor is still reserved
for the Americans.
• The term of office of the Filipino resident
commissioners in America will be lowered into
two years from three.
• The Philippine Assembly was replaced by a
bicameral legislative (Senate and house of
representative).
• The Judicial branch is still composed of the chief
justice and the lower courts.
National Socialist Party

Emilio Aguinaldo (left) and Gregorio Aglipay (right)

 National Socialist Party
    The National Socialist Party was established by
Former President Emilio Aguinaldo in 1934. Like
Aglipay's Republican Party, which had no clear
evidence of direct relations with the U.S.
Republican Party, Aguinaldo's National Socialist
Party had no clear evidence of direct relations with
Adolf Hitler's National Socialist
(Nationalsozialismus) Party. This was in preparation
of the 1935 presidential elections, with the intent
to use the party to carry him in the campaign.

   Aguinaldo announced his candidacy on June 2,

1935. He was the first of the candidates to proclaim
bid for the presidency of the Commonwealth.
 Achievements of the Quezon Administration
under the Commonwealth

The council was organized

1. Economic Development
into eight committees:
(1) Committee on
agriculture and Free trade is the dependency of
natural resources, Philippine market to the US. Manuel L.
(2) industry,
(3) foreign trade and
Quezon created a National Economic
tariff, Council to serve as adviser of the
(4) domestic trade, government in the economic aspect of the
(5) transportation and
communication, country.
(6) taxation, The president was authorized to
(7) labor and
immigration, and appoint its respective members with the
(8) banking and finance. consent of the Commission on
Appointments of the National Assembly.
Achievements of the Quezon Administration
under the Commonwealth

1. Economic Development

President Manuel L. Quezon

administering the oath of office
to the members of the National
Economic Council in Malacañan
Palace. Around the table, from
the left are Jose Paez, Vicente
Singson Encarnacion, Secretary
Ramon Torres, Secretary
Eulogio Rodriguez, Secretary
Antonio de las Alas,
Assemblyman Manuel Roxas
(chairman), the President;
Secretary Jose Yulo, Secretary
M. Jesus Cuenco, Rafael
Alunan, Miguel Unson, and
Dean Bienvenido Gonzales.
Photo from the Photogravure
of Manuel L. Quezon.

https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/featured/neda-history/
 Achievements of the Quezon Administration
under the Commonwealth

2. National Security

Douglas McArthur was appointed as

the field Marshal of the Armed Forces of
the Philippines. The Philippine Congress
issued the National Defense Act to ensure
the national security against the foreign
invasion.
Commonwealth Act No. 1
Douglas McArthur
An act to provide for the national defense
of the Philippines, penalizing certain
violations thereof, appropriating funds
therefor, and for other purposes
http://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/1935/12/21/commonwealth-act-no-1/
Achievements of the Quezon Administration
under the Commonwealth

3. National Language

The government created the “Surian ng

Wikang Panrehiyon” to study the different
dialect in the country and recommend a
National language. The commission
recommended Tagalog to become the basis
of the National language of the country.
The 1935 Constitution Article XIV, Section 3
states that “…Congress shall make necessary steps
towards the development of a national language
which will be based on one of the existing native
languages…”
Achievements of the Quezon Administration
under the Commonwealth

3. National Language
Achievements of the Quezon Administration
under the Commonwealth

4. Social Justice Program

• CA No. 211 - this Commonwealth set

established a minimum wage of 1 peso per day
for the workers who were employed in the
public projects
• CA No. 444 – this Commonwealth act
established the eight hours work for both public
and private workers and the additional 25% for
every hour of extension of their work

Calilung, F., Jaime, V. Kamalayan; Kultura’t Kasaysayan. Philippine History.

Achievements of the Quezon Administration
under the Commonwealth

4. Social Justice Program

• CA No. 2 - this Commonwealth act established

the National Rice and Corn Corporation which
stabilize the price of the rice and corn to protect
the welfare of the farmers and the consumers
• CA No. 608 - this Commonwealth act protected
the tenants from the disposal to the land that
they cultivated unless authorized by law
• Executive Order No. 139 – this Act created the
National Relief administration which manage the
different relief activities of the government

Calilung, F., Jaime, V. Kamalayan; Kultura’t Kasaysayan. Philippine History.

 Achievements of the Quezon Administration
under the Commonwealth

5. Reorientation of Public Education

Quezon appointed Sergio Osmeña as

the Secretary of Public education. And
upon the recommendation of Osmeña, the
government implemented the free public
school system for the primary education,
the inclusion of the lesson about the
history of the Philippines and citizenship.

Sergio Osmena

Calilung, F., Jaime, V. Kamalayan; Kultura’t Kasaysayan. Philippine History.

 The Second Commonwealth

(General Douglas MacArthur signs Japanese surrender instrument aboard

USS Missouri on September 2, 1945 in Tokyo Bay
 The Second Commonwealth

On February 27, 1945, General Douglas

MacArthur, solemnly declared that in behalf
of the Government of the United States, "the
full powers and responsibilities under the
Constitution restored to the Commonwealth
of the Philippines whose seat is here
reestablished as provided by law".
This declaration is the culmination of the
restoration of the Philippine Commonwealth
which begun on October 23, 1944, in
Tacloban, Leyte, with Sergio Osmeña as
President, shortly after MacArthur's return to
the Philippines.