Lesson 3 Literature of the

Philippines During
Spanish Colonization
Conation
1. To relearn the abuses of the Spanish Perion through
humorous writings like the satirical character sketch “
Froy Bato “ by Graciano Lopez Jaena and the prayer
parodies of Marcelo H. del Pilar.
2. To practice critical thinking in questioning and
analyzing past and present injustices.
3. To write about injustices using research and
observation of your surroundings.
Introduction
Lesson 3 focuses on selected writings during the later
years of the Spanish colonization of the Philippines (1565
to 1899). The selected texts are satires aim at the abuses of
the friars in the country. The cry perform in the church and
in the state from 1872 to 1892 prompted the second
Propaganda Movement. Jose Rizal, Garciano Jaena, and
Marcelo H. del Pilar were the main propagandist of this
movement who used writings and orations as their weapon
for change. The life and works of Gat Rizal is a whole
subject in itself, thus, is works will not be included here.
 Excursus
Garciano Lopez Jaena was born in Jaro, Iloilo, 1856 to
a modest family. Jeana was sent to the Seminario de
San Vicente Ferrer to study for priesthood, but he had
wanted to become a doctor. Since his degree in the
seminary was not in line with medicine, he could only
go to San Juan de Dios Hospital and serve as an
apprentice instead of studying in a university.
Because of poverty, he left Manila and went back
to Iloilo where he served small communities. He
saw the injustices around him and wrote about
them until threats to his life made him leave for
Barcelona, Spain in 1879. He continued his
activism through his speeches and founded the
newspaper La Solidaridad. He died in 1896, buried
in an unmarked grave, thus, his body was not
brought home to Iloilo.
Marcelo H. del Pilar was born in Bulacan, 1850, and
the ninth of ten siblings. His parent were wealthy
and they owned several farm, fish ponds, and mills.
Del Pilar’s father was the municipal mayor and clerk
of the provincial governor. He finished his Bachelor
of Arts in Colegio de San Jose in Manila and pursued
law in the University de Sto. Tomas. He was just
starting his law degree in 1869 when he was put in
jail for 30days because he questioned the baptismal
fee of the parish priest in San Miguel, Manila.
He was able to go back to his “Bachelor of Laws” in 1878 and
he finished it in 1880. wherever he went, he was very active in
his anti-friar campaign. Using the pen name “Plaredel”, he
exposed the injustices of that time in the short lived “Diariong
Tagalog” which he founded in 1882. He was accused of being
subversive and a warrant for his arrest was issued. Thus, he
left for Madrid, Spain 1888. He continued his propaganda in
Madrid, and in 1889, he succeeded Graciano Lopez Jaena as
editor of La Solidaridad. He died in poverty and sickness in
1896, but his remains were brought back to the Philippines in
1920.
 About the Works
“ Froy Batod “ was written by Graciano Lopez Jaena
in 1874 when he was 18 years old. But he had
already been exposed to the communities he was
helping and he had observed many injustices of the
friars, Froy Batod wasn’t published at that time, but
it was circulated in Iloilo. Later, when he was in
Barcelona, Spain, a collection of his works
“Discursos y Articulos Various” was published by
Imprenta Iberica de Francisco Fossas in 1891.
Dasalan at Tacsohan was written in 1888
by Marcelo H. del Pilar on the night before
he escaped to Spain. This probably was
always attributed to him, but Rafael
Enriquez was said to have had
collaborated with him. When and where
this work was published had not been
indicated but the literature has survived
to this day.
Content of the Works

Both “Froy Batod” and Dasalan and Tocsohan are

satirical works that were apart of the anti friar
campaign. This works and many more serve as
propaganda materials that lead the ground work
for people to actualize there discontentment with
colonization. The cry for justice spurred on four
years, finally leading to the Philippine Revolution
of 1896. Both Jaena and Del Pilar were
campaigning for reforms at the time and not
necessarily for an arm battle.
There works are humorous, graphic,
and detailed to show the grievous
crimes of the friar. Dasalan and
Tocsuhan is also a parody of the
catholic prayers, a subversive act
that used religion the friars thought
the filipinos and flung it back at
them.
 Rafael Enriquez was born on the year 1850 at Nueva
Caseres, Camarines July 1, he died in the year 1937 in
the month of May.

Governor General Fransico De Sande – was the 3rd Spanish

Governor and Capt. General of the Philippines. He
establish of the royal city of Nueva Casares known as
Naga City.

Nueva Caseres was named after the owner of Governor

General Fransico De Sande.
Naga city
 Ang Mga Utos ng
Fraile
(Parody ng “The Ten Commandments”)
And mga utos ng Fraile ay sampu :

1. Sambahin mo ang mga Fraile lalo na sa lahat.

2. Huwag kang magpapahamak manuba ng ngalang deretsos.
3. Mangilin ka sa Fraile linggo man o fiesta.
4. Isangla mo ang katauhan sa pagpapalibing sa ama’t ina.
5. Huwag kang mamamatay kung wala pang salaping panglibing.
6. Huwag kang makiapid sa kanyang asawa.
7. Huwag kang makinakaw.
8. Huwag mo silang pagbibintangan kahit ka magsinungaling.
9. Huwag momng ipagkait ang iyong asawa.
10.Huwag mong itngui ang iyong ari.