RANI LAKSHMI BAI CENTRAL AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY, JHANSI, UTTAR

PRADESH

PRESENTATION
ON:
MAIZE - HYBRID
SEED PRODUCTION
SUBMITTED TO: SUBMITTED BY:
Dr. RAKESH CHOUDHARY SHALINI SHUKLA
SCIENTIST, GENETICS B.Sc.(Hons.) AGRICULTURE
AND PLANT BREEDING Ag/063/17
 HYBRID SEED PRODUCTION IN
MAIZE
Crossing • Manual emasculation
Technique by detasseling

• Removal of male
Detasseling inflorescence from
monoecious crop
• Time taken for pollen
Time For shedding: 1-2 days
after emergence
Detasseling • Before shedding of
pollen.
 Single
 Cross between 2
cross inbreds
hybrid AXB
 4:2
 COH1- UMI29 X UMI51

 Cross between
Doubl TYPE Doubl
a single cross S OF e  Cross between
and a variety e top HYBR cross 2 single
 (A X B) X
variety(compos cross IDS hybrid
crosses.
 ( AX B) X (C X
ite) D)
 GANGA SAFED,  6:2
GANGA4,  GANGA101-
HISTARCH (CM103 X
 Cross between a single
Three CM104) X
cross and an inbred. way #BORDER ROWS: (CM201 X
 INBREDS AND CM206)
SINGLE
 6:2 cross
CROSS- 4 ROWS
 GANGA5- (CM202 X hybrid  OHTERS- 3 ROWS
CM111) X CM500
 STAGES IN HYBRID SEED
PRODUCTION
 PRODUCED IN LIMITED
AREA, BREEDE
 BY HAND POLLINATION OR
IN ISOLATION R SEED
 PRE- BASIC SEEDS
 CM131, CM211, CM120
FOUND
ATION  PRODUCTION OF SINGLE
CROSSES BY SOWING MALE
SEED AND FEMALE PARENTS(2:4)
 BASIC SEEDS
 Last stage CERTIFI  CM131 X CM 211
 Male and female single ED
crosses sown in 2:6 ratio
 C 1 (1st generation)
SEED
 (CM131 X CM211) X CM120
 SEED STANDARDS IN MAIZE
PARAMETERS BREEDER SEED FOUNDATION SEED CERTIFIED SEED

PURITY % (Min.) 100 98.0 98.0

INERT MATTER NONE 2.0 2.0

WEED SEED NONE NONE NONE

OTHER CROP SEED NONE 0.2 0.2

GERMINATION 98.0 90.0 90.0

CAPACITY (Min.)

SOURCE: WWW.IKISAN.COM/tg-
 STEPS FOR HYBRID SEED
PRODUCTION:

PRODUCTI
MAINTENA PRODUCTI
ON OF
NCE OF ON OF
COMMERCI
PARENTAL SINGLE
AL
LINES CROSS
HYBRIDS
INCREA
SE IN
PAREN
TAL
LINES
FOUND INCREA
SE IN CERTI
ATION COMME
RCIAL FIED
SEED
INCREA
HYBRID
S
SEED
SE IN
SINGLE
CROSS
 Land
Require
ments
Isolatio
Seed n
Yield Require
Mainten ments
ance of
Harve parental
lines Cultur
sting
al
and
Practi
Thres
ces
hing
Rogui
ng
 MAINTENANCE OF INBRED LINES
Land requirements Free of volunteer maize plants
Well drained
Well aerated soil
ISOLATION 400m (foundation seed)
REQUIREMENTS
Time of sowing Best time: Two weeks prior to onset of
monsoon
Depth of sowing 5-6cm
spacing 60-75cm*20-22.5cm
Seed rate 15 kg/ha, (60 TVK)
Roguing Off types,
Pre flowering plants,
Stalk rot affected
Removed before pollen shedding
Harvesting At rel. high moisture content (30-35%)
Seed Yield 6-8q/ha
PRODUCTION OF SINGLE CROSS

•Result of crossing between two

inbred lines.
•2 rows of female inbred: 1 row
of male inbred
•Seeds – only from female rows.
 LAND
REQUIRE
MENTS

ISOLATIO
Seed N
yield REQUIRE
MENTS

Cultur
harvestin al
g Practi
ces

Detass Rogu
eling ing
 LAND REQUIREMENTS  Same as for inbred lines

 ISOLATION REQUIREMENTS  400(same kernel color and texture)

 600(different kernel color and
texture)
 METHOD OF SOWING SINLGE CROSS  2:4(male : female)

 PRECAUTIONS  Avoid mixing of inbred seeds

 Mark both ends of the male rows
 Planting ratio- appropriate

 SEED RATE  10 kg/ha or 40 TVK(female), 5

kg/ha(male)
 ROGUING  Similar way as for inbred lines

 DETASSELING- TIME  Tassels have emerged completely,

 Before shedding of pollen

 HARVESTING  Male rows-first, (avoid mixing)

 SEED YIELD  4-6 q/ha

SEED PRODUCTION OF COMMERCIAL
HYBRIDS
• Female parent- high yielding
single cross.
• 2:6 (male: female).
• Seed saved from female rows.
 Land
require
See ment

d Isolatio
n
yiel require
ment
d Produc
tion of
comme
rcial Cultu
Harves
hybrid ral
ting pract
s ices

Detass Rogu
eling ing
 LAND REQUIREMENTS Same as in single cross

 ISOALTION  200(same kernel color and texture)

REQUIREMENTS  300(different kernel color and texture)

 METHOD OF SOWING  2(male rows):6(female rows)

 SEED RATE(kg/ha)  12-14 or 45 TVK(female), 4-5 or 15 TVK(Male)

 ROGUING  Remove all off- types(prior to pollen shedding)

 DETASSELING  As done for single cross

 HAREVSTING  As done for single cross

 SEED YIELD  10-25q/ha

 MAIZE HYBRIDS AND THEIR GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS

HYBRID FEMALE MALE SEED SEED HYBRID HYBRID

TYPE PARENT PARENT YIELD PRICE CHARACTE GRAIN
RISTICS YIELD
SINGLE Inbred Line Inbred Line lowest High uniform Highest
CROSS
THREE – Single- Inbred Line High Moderate Slightly High
WAY cross variable
Hybrid
DOUBLE – Single- Single- Highest Low Highly Moderate-
CROSS cross cross variable high
Hybrid Hybrid

TOP – OPV Inbred Line Moderate Low Highly Moderate

CROSS variable

VARIETAL OPV OPV Moderate- low Highly Moderate-

CROSS high variable low
SOURCE: MAIZE HYBRID SEED PRODUCTION MANUAL, CIMMYT
 FERTILIZER REQUIREMENTS
NPK kg/ha 200:100:100

BASAL 100:100:50

1ST TOP 50:0:0

2ND TOP 50:0:50

FOLIAR DAP 2% at 50% flowering

IN Zn DEFICIENT SOIL ZnSO4 @ 25kg/ha

SOURCE:
 FIELD STANDARDS- SPECIFIC
SPECIFIC FACTORS CERTIFIED STAGE

 Off types shedding pollen when 5% or more of seed in receptive  0.50%

stalk

 Seed parent shedding pollen when 5% of the seed parent is  1.0%

having receptive stalk

 Total of pollen shedding tassel including tassel that had shed  2.0%
pollen for all 3 inspections conducted during flowering on
different dates

 Off types in seed parent at final inspection  0.5%

SOURCE: ELEARN.LUANAR.AC.MW>LEC 08
 1-
NUMBE BEFORE
R OF FLOWE
FOUR 3-
RING
INSPEC AFTER
TIONS FLOWE
RING
THRESHING
 DEHUSKIN Manual removal of husk
G Removal of ill filled, diseased cobs, and cobs having kernel color variation
 COB
SORTING
ZENIA Direct/visible effect of pollen on endosperm and related tissues in the formation of seed color
Gene present in the sperm cell contributes in the expression of color of hybrid seeds
METAZENIA Effect of pollen on maternal tissue of fruit
SHELLING Mechanically(cob Sheller), manually(rubbing with stones)
At 15-18% moisture content
DRYING Seeds-dried to 12% moisture content
GRADING Using 18/64(7.28mm) sieve
SEED Seeds(8% moisture content) with Captan or Thiram75% WP@ 70g/100kg with 0.5litre of water.
TREATMENT
SEED YIELD 2.5-3.6 t/ha
SOURCE: MAIZE HYBRID SEED PRODUCTION MANUAL,CIMMYT
SOURCE: MAIZE HYBRID SEED
SOURCE: MAIZE HYBRID SEED
 REFERENCES

• https://www.cimmyt.org
• Seed technology (Rattan Lal
Agrawal)
• Elearn.luanar.ac.mw
• https://execellenceinbreeding.org
• www.ikisan.com