PRERNA SUBRAMANIAN

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25
PRESENTATION

Scientific Skills
Eyelids
Upper and lower eyelids protect the front of your eyeball (orbit) by blocking
foreign objects and bright light that can damage your eye. Your eyelids
involuntarily open and close (blink) every few seconds to help protect your
eyeball. You can, of course, blink intentionally as well.
With each blink, tear fluid (fluid arising from tear glands around the eye)
passes over the cornea and lubricates the surface of the eye. This helps
wash away germs, dust, eyelashes or other foreign objects and helps keep
your eyes from drying.
                                                                             
The front of your eye
There are three parts to the front of your eye:
•Sclera. The white of your eye (sclera) is the tough outer wall that
helps maintain the spherical shape of your eyeball. The sclera helps
protect the delicate internal structures of your eye.
•Pupil. The pupil is the dark spot at the center of your eye that allows
light to pass into the back part of your eye. Its size varies depending on
the extent of dilation and contraction of the iris.
•Iris. The iris is the colored part of your eye, which contains a ring of
muscle fibers that can expand or contract the size of your pupil, thus
helping to control the amount of light entering your eyeball.
A thin transparent tissue called the conjunctiva covers the sclera. The
blood vessels that are often visible in the white part of your eye are
located within the conjunctiva.
Your inner eye
Behind the scenes, other parts of your eye work to help you see:
Cornea. Your cornea is a protective dome of clear tissue at the front of
your eye. It functions as a convex surface that helps focus the light rays
before they are fine-tuned by the lens.
Lens. Your lens is a clear, elliptical structure about the size and shape of
an M&M candy. The curvature of your lens changes to sharpen the focus
of whatever you're looking at.
Vitreous cavity. The vitreous cavity extends from the back of the lens to
the back of your eyeball. It's filled with a clear, jelly-like substance that
allows light to pass through. It also maintains the shape of your eyeball.
The back of your eye
Structures at the back of your eye include the:
Retina. Your retina is a thin layer of tissue that lines the back inner wall of your
eyeball. Your retina consists of millions of light-sensitive cells and nerve cells
that capture the images focused onto them by your cornea and lens. When
light hits these cells, electrical impulses are generated and carried to your
optic nerve.
Macula. Your macula is a specialized part of the retina. This patch of densely
packed light-sensitive cells is essential to your central vision and allows you
to see fine detail.
Optic nerve. Your optic nerve contains more than 1 million nerve fibers. These
fibers carry information gathered by your retina to your brain.
How your eyes move
Each eyeball has six muscles attached to the sclera. Five are seen from this
angle. These muscles allow you to move your eye and track an object without
necessarily turning your head. The eye muscles, working individually or
together, allow you to shift your field of gaze left, right, up, down and
diagonally. Your brain coordinates the eye movements so that both eyes can
move together when tracking an object.
“
For I dipped into the future, far as human eye cou
ld see, Saw the vision of the world, and all the wo
nder that would be
    Alfred, Lord Tennyson
”
Donate Eyes to gift the Eyes…
Do not bury…They can give
vision to the needy
• . It is unfortunate
that about 10 lakh
citizens of our
country are
suffering from
corneal blindness
and majority are in
the younger group.
. All religions and communities favor eye
donation
Therefore, do not burn or bury your eyes after death,
for your eyes can give light.and vision
to 2 blind people if you pledge your eyes.