ITU-T MODEM RECOMMENDATION

ITU-T Specification are known as V-series, which

include a number indicating the standard.
 ITU-T MODEM RECOMMENDATION

ITU-T Modem Recommendation V.29

The first internationally accepted standard for a
9600bps data transmission rate. The V.29 standard is
intended to provide a synchronous data
transmission over a four wired lines. V.29 uses 16-
QAM modulation of a 1700-Hz carrier frequency.
TRANSMISSION RATE=2400
 ITU-T MODEM RECOMMENDATION
ITU-T Modem Recommendation V.32
• Provides a 9600-bps data transmission with true full
duplex operation over four wire leased private lines.
V.32 also provides data rates of 2400 bps and 4800 bps.
• Specifies QAM with a carrier frequency of 1800 Hz.
General standards
V.1 is an ITU-T recommendation, entitled Equivalence between binary notation symbols and the
significant conditions of a two-condition code.
V.2 is an ITU-T recommendation, titled Power levels for data transmission over telephone lines.
V.4 is an ITU-T recommendation, titled General structure of signals of International Alphabet No.
5 code for character oriented data transmission over public telephone networks.
V.5 was an ITU-T recommendation, titled Standardization of data signalling rates for synchronous
data transmission in the general switched telephone network. It has been withdrawn since.
V.6 was an ITU-T recommendation, titled Standardization of data signalling rates for synchronous
data transmission on leased telephone-type circuits. It has been withdrawn since.
V.7 is an ITU-T recommendation,titled Definitions of terms concerning data communication over
the telephone network.
Interfaces and Voiceband Modems
V.10 is an ITU-T recommendation, first agreed in 1976, for unbalanced electrical circuits for data
communication at up to 100 kbit/s. It can interwork with V.28, provided it is not exposed to
signals greater than 12 volts. Used with the 37-pin ISO 4902 connector, it is compatible with EIA
RS-423.
V.11 is an ITU-T recommendation, first agreed in 1976, for balanced electrical circuits for data
communication at up to 10 Mbit/s. Used with the 37-pin ISO 4902 connector ("DC-37"), it is
compatible with EIA-422. The 15-pin ISO 4903 connector ("DA-15") is recommended for data
network interface.
V.17 is an ITU-T fax protocol that uses TCM modulation at 12 and 14.4 kbit/s.
V.21 is an ITU-T recommendation for full-duplex communication between two analogue dial-up
modems using audio frequency-shift keying modulation at 300 baud to carry digital data at 300
bit/s. It is a variant of the original Bell 103 modulation format.
V.22 is an ITU-T recommendation for full-duplex communication between two analogue dial-up
modems using PSK modulation at 600 baud to carry data at 1200 or 600 bit/s. It is a variant of
the Bell 212A modulation format.
Interfaces and Voiceband Modems

V.22bis is an ITU-T recommendation extending V.22 with a faster rate using QAM at 600 baud to
carry digital data at 2400 or 1200 bit/s. The 1200 bit/s mode is compatible with V.22.
V.23 is an ITU-T recommendation for half-duplex communication between two analogue dial-up
modems using FSK modulation at up to 600 or 1200 baud to carry digital data at up to 600 or
1200 bit/s respectively. An optional 75 baud reverse channel carries 75 bit/s
V.24 is referenced as RS-232 which also includes V.28.
V.250 (also known as V.25ter) is extended data modems ITU-T recommendation .
V.27ter is an ITU-T recommendation for a half-duplex modem, allowing 2400 and 4800 bit/s (PSK
modulation).
V.28 is an ITU-T recommendation defining the electrical characteristics for unbalanced double-
current interchange circuits.
V.29 is an ITU-T recommendation for a modem, allowing 4.8 kbit/s, 7.2 kbit/s and 9.6 kbit/s
transfer modes (PSK and QAM modulations).
Interfaces and Voiceband Modems

V.32 is an ITU-T recommendation for a modem operating as full-duplex on a 4-wire circuit, or

half-duplex on a two-wire circuit, allowing bidirectional data transfer at either 9.6 kbit/s or 4.8
kbit/s at a symbol rate of 2,400 baud instead of the 600 baud of the V.22 standards.

V.32bis is an ITU-T recommendation for a modem, allowing up to 14.4 kbit/s bidirectional data
transfer. Other additional defined data transfer rates are 12.0 kbit/s, 9.6 kbit/s, 7.2 kbit/s, and 4.8
kbit/s. The standard was extended by several modem manufacturers to allow bidirectional data
transfer rates of 19.2 kbit/s, but never ratified as a V.32ter standard. These non-ITU-T standard
modems were often referred to as 'V.32terbo' modems.

V.33 is an ITU-T recommendation for a modem operating as full-duplex on a 4-wire point-to-point

leased line allowing bidirectional data transfer at either 14.4 kbit/s.
ADHOC STANDARDS
V.32
WIDEBAND MODEMS
V.35
V.36
ERROR CONTROL AND DATA SUPPRESSION
V.41
V.42
V.43
V.44

SIMULTANEOUS TRANSMISSION OF DATA AND OTHER SIGNALS

INTERWORKING WITH OTHER NETWORKS
INTERFACE LAYER SPECIFICATIONS FOR DATA COMMUNICATION
CONTROL PROCEDURES
DIGITAL CIRCUIT MODEMS