HSPA for Improved

Data Transfer
Channels (codes) are shared instead of being dedicated

The encoding scheme is based on (1/3 Turbo encoder)

In order to achieve very high data rates, HSDPA adds a higher order
modulation (16QAM) to the existing QPSK modulation used. Different
combinations of modulation and the channel coding-rate
channel multiplexing occurs in the time domain, where each
Transmission Time Interval (TTI) consists of three slots (or 2
ms.) The TTI is also referred to as a “sub frame.”
The TTI has been significantly reduced from the 10 ms TTI
sizes supported in R’99 in order to better achieve short round
trip delay between the UE (User Equipment) and the Node B
Within each 2 ms TTI, a constant Spreading Factor(SF) of 16 is
used for code multiplexing, with a maximum of 15 parallel codes
allocated. These codes may all be assigned to one user during
the TTI, or may be split across several users. The number of
parallel codes allocated to each user depends on cell loading,
QoS requirements and the UE code capabilities (five, 10 or 15
codes).
The retransmission mechanism selected for HSDPA is Hybrid
Automatic Repeat Request (HARQ) with Stop and Wait protocol
(SAW). HARQ allows the UE to rapidly request retransmission of
erroneous transport blocks until they are successfully received.

User with good Tx. Conditions get all radio recourses

HSDPA does not use soft handover. Instead, a hard handover
algorithm has been proposed to switch between Node Bs
because it was simple to support.
• Multi code transmission
• Short Transmission Time Interval
• Fast hybrid Automatic Repeat request
• Adaptive Modulation
CdmaOne (IS-95A and IS-95B) It mainly supports the voice
service, belonging to G2 communication

cdma2000 1X: It can support both voice and data services.

cdma2000 1xEV-DO: As the enhanced version of cdma2000
1X at stage 1
cdma2000 1xEV-DV: As the enhanced version of cdma2000
1X at stage 2
 IS-95A which supports the 8K code voice service and the

1.9GHz CDMA PCS system.

The 13K code voice service quality is already very close to the

voice service quality of the wire line phone.

CDMA2000 is a hybrid 2.5G / 3G technology of mobile
telecommunications standards that use CDMA, a multiple access
scheme for digital radio, to send voice , data, and signaling data
(such as a dialed telephone number) between mobile phones and
cell sites. CDMA2000 is considered a 2.5G technology in 1xRTT and
a 3G technology in EVDO
CDMA2000 is an incompatible competitor of
the other major 3G standard UMTS. It is
defined to operate at :
450 MHz, 700 MHz, 800 MHz, 1700 MHz,
1900 MHz, and 2100 MHz
CDMA2000 1xRTT

The designation "1x", meaning "1 times Radio Transmission Technology",

indicates the same RF bandwidth as IS-95: a duplex pair of 1.25 MHz radio
channels.
This contrasts with 3xRTT, which uses channels 3 times as wide
(3.75 MHz) channels.
1xRTT almost doubles the capacity of IS-95 by adding 64 more traffic
channels are limited to a peak of 144 kbit/s.
CDMA2000 3x (EV-DO)
CDMA2000 3x is (also known as EV-DO, Evolution-Data Optimized)
Higher rates per carrier (up to 4.9 Mbit/s on the downlink per carrier).
Typical deployments are expected to include 3 carriers for a peak rate of
14.7 Mbit/s
CDMA2000 EV-DV
CDMA2000 EV-DV (Evolution-Data/Voice)
data rates up to 3.1 Mbit/s and uplink (reverse link) data rates of up to 1.8
Mbit/s.

there was much debate on the relative merits of DV and DO.

Traditional operators with an existing voice network preferred deploying
DV, since it does not require an overlay. Other design engineers, and
newer operators without a 1x voice network, preferred EV-DO because it
did not have to be backward compatible,
And the network cost was lower, since EV-DO uses an IP network
and does not require a SS7 network and complex network switches
such as a mobile switching center (MSC).
 Key Technical Features of cdma2000 1X

The cdma2000 1X has a capacity twice as much as that of the IS-95

system, and can support the data transmission of 144 kbps

The packet switching mode is introduced in the network; and the

mobile IP service is supported

The cdma2000 1X adopts the forward fast power control technique

The cdma2000 1X adopts the fast paging channel, hence greatly

decreasing the power consumption
The Turbo code can be used over the cdma2000 1X traffic
channel other than the convolutional code is used in the channel
code
New access mode is also defined in the cdma2000 1X, which can
shorten the call setup time, and lighten the interferences caused
to other users in access process of the mobile station.
For the packet service of the cdma2000 1X, besides the forward
and reverse basic traffic channels, the system also needs to set
up the corresponding auxiliary code-division channel

HPSK modulation includes BPSK modulation and QPSK modulation.

THE END