Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Horticulture 429
Floriculture Crop Production
Dr. Terri Starman
Introduction
• Rosa L. hybrids
• 100 genera
• 2000 species
• Rosa genera are woody
• Production has shifted to areas near the
equator
• High light and cool temperatures
Rose Morphology
• Woody
• Thorns
• Upright, trailing, or climbing
• 5 petals
• Fruit is called a hip
• Flowers are white, pink, yellow, orange or
red and blends
• Powdery mildew, blackspot and Botrytis
Rose Propagation
• Seed for breeding
• Bud grafting for cut flowers
• R. X noisettiana is used for rootstock
• Stenting is a form of grafting that is
replacing bud grafting
Stenting
• Seedlings rootstocks of R. chinensis
• Single leaf bud scion is placed into a
downward cut
• Held with a small clothspin
• Union occurs within 3 weeks
• Under fog, mist or in high humidity
• 750F (240C)
Flowering Control and Dormancy
• Day neutral
• Flowering is recurrent, year-round
• Flower initiation is not dependent on
environment
• Floral differentiation occurs shortly after axillary
buds are released from apical dominance
• Transition from vegetative to reproductive occurs
in 4 to 21 days, when axillary shoots are 1.25 to
1.50 inches long
Flowering, cont.
• Axillary buds from the upper nodes form
flower buds sooner and with fewer leaves
than lower nodes
• The speed and quality of a subsequent cut
flower crop are dependent on the nodes
remaining after the flower is harvested
• Irradiance, temperature and available CO2
influence growth and development of
roses in greenhouses
Temperature
• Development increases as temperature
increases including the rate of axillary bud
break, shoot development, leaf unfolding,
& flowering
• Excessively high or low temperatures
increase number of blind shoots
• 60-620F night, 64-720F cloudy day, 750F
sunny day
Light and Water
• Light is very important and supplemental
light is used in northern latitudes
• 8 to 24 hours/day
• 300 – 1000 fc
• Good quality water
• Perimeter bench watering
• Constant flow tray systems grown in rock
wool blocks or coir dust, water is
recirculated
Nutrition
• 1500 ppm CO2
• Routine media and tissue testing are
necessary
• Organics used in traditional beds
• Liquid application
• 150-200 ppm N
• Nitrate: Ammonium is 5:1 in summer and
10:1 in winter
Media, Spacing and Support
• Soil, amended and mulched
• pH 5.5 to 6.0
• Newer production systems are hydroponic
• 1 to 1.4 ft2 / plant
• Three rows across a bed
• Three layers of wire with openings 6 X 6
inch or 6 X 8 inch
Pinching and Pruning
1. To remove broken roots or shoots and reduce
cane height at planting. Prior to planting, broken
roots and shoots are removed and cane height
reduced leaving 3-4 dormant axillary buds.