UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE TRUJILLO

FACULTAD DE MEDICINA
ESCUELA PROFESIONAL DE MEDICINA
DEPARTAMENTO DE CIENCIAS BÁSICAS
INGLÉS III
PREGNANCY AND CHILDBIRTH
INTEGRANTES
• Aponte Cruzado Nataly Y.
• Baca Quiroz Anghie X.
• Bustamante Fustamante Jhuleisy A.

TRUJILLO – PERÚ
2015

DOCENTE: ERIKA AGUILAR.

 Terminology
The expected date of delivery (EDD) is the date on which a woman is
expected to give birth to the child she is carying
• It is calculated by adding 280 days or 40 weeks to the forst of the last menstrual period

Childbirth is also referred to by doctors as parnutrition

Delivery is the process of helping the child to be born. A spontaneous

vaginal delivery (SVD) is a normal delivery. If there are complications, the
babymay be delivered by cesarean section

A full-term pregnancy is 40 weeks divided into three trimesters. A baby

who is born before is premature and one born afer 40 weeks is
postmature
 Genital changes
the height increases from
7.5 cm to 35cm
Height and weight
The body of the uterus
(hyperplasia)
the weight increases from
50g to 1000g at term
Uterine ligaments show hypertrophy

the uterus is tilted and

Dextro-rotation twisted to the right in 80%
of cases

the LUS is formed from the

isthmus
Lower uterine segment
(LUS)
formed from the 4th month
to reach 10 cm at full term
 Genital changes
shows increased vascularity soft, moist and
bluish
The vagina
Distention of vagina at birth

Shows increased vascularity and size

The ovary
One ovary contains the corpus luteum

Relaxation of the ligaments

Pelvic ligaments Relaxation of the pelvic joints

The pelvis become more mobile and increases

in capacity
 Breast changes

Colostrum
Increased
Montgomery like fluid is
Increased pigmentatio Secondary (dilated
tubercules expressed at
size and n of the areola sebaceous
appear on the end of
vascularity nipple and appear glands)
the areola the 3rd
areola
month
 Skin changes
due to increased melanocyte stimulating hormone:

linea nigra: pigmentation of the linea alba, more marked

Pigmentation
below the umbilicus

chloasma gravidarum: Butterfly pigmentation of the face

(mask of pregnancy)

stretch of the abdominal wall

Striae gravidarum
rupture of the subcutaneous elastic fibers

pink lines in flanks

become white after labor

Weight increase
There is an • The main increase occurs
increase weight in the 2nd half of the
of
approximately pregnancy, 0.5
12.5 Kg at term Kg/week

• Growth of the conceptus

• Enlargement of the
maternal organs
Causes: • Maternal storage of fat
• Increase in maternal blood
and interstitial fluid
 Extreme tiredness
Hormonal changes affect almost every organ system in
your body
Tender, swollen breast
Period stopping is a clear sign of pregnanacy

Upset stomach
Other changes may include

Craving for certain food

Might need to make changes to daily routine. Fortunately
most discomfort will go aay as pregnancy progresses

Mood swing

FIRST Headache

TRIMESTER Heartburn
 SECOND TRIMESTER

The symptoms like Adomen will expand as Before this trimester is

nausea and ffatigue the baby continues to over the movement of
are going away grow the baby can be feel

AS THE BODY CHANGES TO MAKE

ROOM FOR GROWING BABY, MAY
HAVE

Itching on
Sthech mark
Darkening of abdomen,
on abdomen, Numb or
Body aches skin around palms and
breast, thigh tingling hand
nipple sole of the
or buttock
feet
 THIRD TRIMESTER
This because
Some of the same Find breathing difficulty the baby is
discomfort in second and notice have to go to bigger and
trimester will continue the bathroom more often. putting more
preasure on
organs

Some new body changes might

notice in third trimester include:

Swelling of
Shortness of the ankle, Belly button Trouble
Heartburn
breath finger and maystick out sleeping
face