Bachelor (Hons) of Civil

Engineering
Design of Reinforced Concrete Structures I

Analysis of the structures

Prepared by Ir. Pan Wang Fook, P.Eng, MIEM

Email: wfpan@segi.edu.my
 Introduction

• a reinforced concrete structure is a combination of

beams, columns, slabs and walls, rigidly connected
together to form monolithic frame
• Each individual member must be capable of resisting the
forces acting on it, so that the analysis of a rigid concrete
frame is rarely simple but simplified calculations of
adequate precision can often be made if the basic action
of the structure is understood
• The analysis must begin with an evaluation of all the
loads carried by the structure, including its own weight

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 Introduction

• Many of the loads are variable in magnitude and position

and all possible critical arrangement of loads must be
considered
• First structure itself is rationalised into simplified forms
that represent the load-carrying action of the prototype
• The forces in each number can then be determined by
one of the following methods
1. Applying moment and shear coefficient
2. Manual calculations
3. Computer methods

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 Introduction

• In this subject, we shall focus more on manual

calculations

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 Actions

• The actions (loads) on a structure are divided into two

types: permanent and variable loads
• Permanent actions are normally constant during the
structure’s life
• Variable actions are transient and not constant on
magnitude
• Recommendations for the loadings on structures are
given in the European Standard
• Refer to EN 1991

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 Permanent actions

• Permanent actions include the weight of the structure

itself and all architectural components such as exterior
claddings, partitions and ceilings
• Equipment's and static machinery when permanent
fixtures are also often considered as part of the
permanent action
• Preliminary design calculations are generally required to
estimate the probable sizes and self weights of the
structural concrete elements
• Self weight of reinforced concrete = 25 kN/m3

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 Variable action

• The weight of its occupants, furnitures, machinery or

pressure of wind
• A large building is unlikely to be carrying its full variable
action simultaneously on all its floor
• For this reason, EN 1991-1-1:2002 allows a reduction in
the total variable floor actions when the columns, walls
or foundations are designed for a building more than two
storeys high (clause 6.3.1.2(11) of EN 1991-1-1)

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 Analysis of beam

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 Analysis of beam

• We shall use moment distribution to construct bending

moment and shear force diagram envelope
• A further calculation to analyse the beam shall be
discussed during lectures.

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 Acknowledgement

• All the diagrams, figures and table is cited from the

reference book as stated in Reference section.

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 Reference
Mosley, B., Bungey, J., Hulse, R (2012) Reinforced
Concrete Design to Eurocode 2 7th Edition, Palgrave
Macmillan

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