Congestion Management

Presented by: Asem Mufid Al-Nahhas

Under the Supervision of: Dr. Hana Naghawi
 Introduction

 Congestion can be defined as :-

 Delay compared to the time it takes to make a trip under
ideal conditions.

 Congestionoccurs when traffic demand approaches or

exceeds the available capacity of the highway system.
 Introduction

 Delay can be measured by :-

 Average delay
 Travel-time reliability
 Buffer Time
 Buffer Index
 Planning-Time Index
Introduction
 Introduction

 Congestion has been increasing in recent years and is

projected to continue to increase.
 Growth will continue in both passenger vehicle and
truck vehicle-miles of travel (VMT).
 As a result of population increases, economic
expansion, and changes in travel and production
patterns.
 Sources of Congestion

 Physical Bottlenecks
 Traffic Incidents
 Work Zones
 Weather
 Traffic Control Devices
Sources of Congestion
 Congestion Management Categories

1. Adding capacity/physical improvements

2. Using existing capacity more efficiently/operational
Improvements
3. Reducing demand for vehicle travel
4. Reducing congestion on transit vehicles
 Key Measures for Congestion
Management Strategies

1. Effectiveness
2. Extent of Application
3. Cost
4. Time-frame
Effectiveness

 The scale used for rating the effectiveness for each

strategy is:-

 High provide at least a 10 percent impact.

 Medium provide in the range of a 2-10 percent impact.
 Low provide less than a 2 percent impact.
Extent of Application

 ExtensiveStrategy can be applied to the majority of the

urban roadway or transit system.
 Moderate Strategy can be applied to perhaps 10 to 50
percent of the urban roadway or transit system.
 Limited Strategy can be applied to only a small portion
of the roadway or transit system (less than 10 percent).
Cost

 Highranging in the tens of millions per mile, and the

hundreds of millions for area wide applications.
 Medium ranging of approximately $1 to $10 million per
mile, and the tens of millions for area wide applications.
 Low typically less than $1 million per mile, and the low
millions for area wide applications.
Congestion Management Strategies
 Other Benefits of Congestion
Management Strategies

1. Economical benefits
2. Environmental benefits
3. Safety benefits
4. Community and quality of life benefits
5. Other benefits that are difficult to quantify
 The Economic Benefits of
Transportation Improvements

1. To transportation system users

 Measured
by the time and cost savings resulting from an
improvement.
 Knowing what value typical travelers (passenger or
freight) place on their time.

2. To public economy
 The Environmental Benefits of
Transportation Improvements
 Reductionsin fuel consumption and Greenhouse Gas
(GHG) emissions.
 Improvements in air quality due to reduced emissions.
 The Safety Benefits of
Transportation Improvements
 Safety can be improved by :-
 Reducing conflict points.
 Separating truck from automobile traffic.
 Smoothing traffic flow.
Community and Quality of Life Benefits
of Transportation Improvements

 Includes :-
 Aesthetics.
 Noise reduction.
 Recreational opportunities.
Strategies for Congestion Management
and Transportation Improvements

 Within
the four categories, 32 strategies are identified
and can be found in details in the National Cooperative
Highway Research Program (NCHRP).
Thank you 😄