Hydropower and Gas

Turbine
Compiled by
Robin Neupane
075-MSESP-016
Introduction
Surge tank
Classification
 According to availability of head
1. High (100m and above),
2. Medium ( 30 to 500m) and
3. Low ( 25 to 80 m)

 According to quantity of water available

1. RoR w/o pondage
2. RoR w Pondage
3. Pump storage
4. Mini and microhydel
Prime movers
 Impulse Turbine V/s Reaction turbine
 In IT, the steam striking on the moving blade is with kinetic energy whereas in
reaction turbine (RT), steam is with kinetic energy & pressure energy.
Part load efficiency curve
Calculation
  Power actual, P = kW, where n is overall efficiency
The Hydrograph
 Discharge of flowing water wrt time for specific time.
Gas Turbine
Major applications
 Aviation
 Power Generation - our focus
 Marine Propulsion
Layout
Power Cycle
Ideal efficiency
Open cycle Vs Close cycle
Methods are used to improve the efficiency of gas
turbine power plants.
1. Gas turbine cycle with regeneration
2. Gas turbine cycle with reheating
3. Gas turbine cycle with intercooling
The principle
 The temperature at the exhaust of the gas turbine is higher than the temperature
of the air at the exit of the compressor.
 Turbine output can be increased by reheating of the gas during expansion in two
or stages. In between the turbine stages, an additional combustors or reheaters
are added in order to heat the gases.
 As it is known that the majority of the power generated by the turbine is utilized
for running compressor, it is important to reduce the compressor power
consumption. This can be achieved by compressing the air in two or more number
of stages by providing an intercooler in between the stages such that law of
compression approaches to isothermal compression.