Microscopes

Lab. 1

Microbiology -‫ لاــتمريـض لاــثانـي‬-‫عملي لاــفصل اـالول‬

Department of Microbiology Al-Hadi University College
Dr. Abd Al Munim Naji
 Microscope
It is an optical instrument that magnifies images
of objects invisible to the naked eye by means of a
lenses system.
Micro-Greek = small 
Scope- skopein= to view
•Bacteria are small invisible microorganisms can
not be seen by necked eyes.

* Microscope it is an optical instrument useful in

magnify the image of the objects like bacteria ,
parasite ,virus, fungi ,……
 The morphological characteristics that can be
seen by microscope to identify the bacteria:
( Shape, size, arrangement)

1-Shape:

Cocci (spherical)
 Bacilli (rod-like)

 Coccobacilli (between cocci &bacilli )

 Spiral or curved rod
2- Size: small or large.

3-Cell arrangement:
 Single
 Pairs (diplococci)

Capsular polysaccharide

Gram +VE diplococcus

 Chains (arranged in series, called Strepto.
e.g. Streptococci)
 Cluster or grape like arrangement (e.g.
Staphylococci)
 Type of microscopes

Electron microscope Light microscope

Scanning Transmission

Dark-field Bright-field

Electron microscopes
Modern transmission
electron microscope Fluorescence
microscope

Fluorescence microscope with the filter cube turret above

the objective lenses, coupled with a camera.
Bright-field Dark-field

Fluorescence- field

Scanning Transmission
Proper handling of a microscope. Both hands are
used when carrying this delicate instrument.
 Bright-field light microscope components:

1. Base
2. Arm
3. Illuminator
4. Condenser
5. Stage and stage clips
6. Objective lenses :
7. Scanning lens (4X)
8. Low power lens (10X)
9. High power lens (40X)
10. Oil immersion lens (100X)

11.Coarse and fine adjustment

12.Ocular or eye piece lens (10X)

video-1543777712.mp4
How to measure magnification power?

power of objective lens

X
power of ocular lens
Why we use ●
To prevent shattering of light
oil with oil rays.
immersion ●
Obtain a full spectrum of
light reached to lens
lens ?

Types of ●
Oil of cedar
oil are ●
Canada-balsam oil
Thank
you