Lesson 5

Other System Development

Approaches
Learning Objectives

● Explain the principles and challenges of

business process management.
● Describe how prototypes are used to develop
an AIS, and discuss the advantages and
disadvantages of doing so.
● Explain what computer-aided software
engineering is and how it is used in systems
development.

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Methods to Develop an AIS

To improve IS & comply with legal &

regulatory reforms
● Business Process Redesign
● Prototyping
● Computer-Aided Software Engineering
(CASE) Tools

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 Business Process Redesign

● Drastic, one-time-event approach to improving and

automating business processes
● Low success rate
● Evolved into:
○ Business Process Management (BPM)

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 ○ Business Process Management (BPM)
- Systematic approach to continuously improving and
optimizing an organization’s business processes
- It can produce competitive advantage
- It responds to changing customer, market & regulations
- It has be managed end to end
- Flexible to adapt & improve
- Aligned with org. strategies & needs
- Can improve IC (build in audit trail)
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● https://www.cio.com/article/321906
4/business-process-
management/what-is-business-
process-management-bpm-the-key-
to-enterprise-agility.html

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Prototyping

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● APrototyping
system design
approach in which a
simplified working
model of a system is
developed
● To be used when
there is a high level
of uncertainty & the
AIS cannot be early
visualized, maybe
there is a high
change that the 8
Prototyping

● Step 1
- Is to meet the user to agree on the size and
scope of the system and decide what should
and should not be included
- Emphasis is on what output should be produced
rather than how
- Input & output should be decided
- Developer should ensure the users expectations
are realistic and it can be met

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Prototyping

● Step 2
- Develop initial prototype
- Emphasis on low cost & rapid
development
- Simplicity, flexibility & ease of use is
essential

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Prototyping

● Step 3
- Developers use the feedback to
modify the system
- Trial usage & modification until user
needs are met

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Prototyping

● Step 4
- Use the system
- But it can go into two directions (both at about 50%
success rate)
#Operational prototypes (the useable ones); add a few
more functions & its ready to run & serve
#Nonoperational prototypes (throwaway) are salvaged
however/whenever can; otherwise the co. should be glad
that they did not spend too much of their resources to go
through the conventional SDLC & still fail to
operationalization a system
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Prototyping

● Advantages
- Better definition of user
needs
- Higher user involvement
and satisfaction
- Faster development
time
- Fewer errors
- More opportunity for
changes
● Disadvantages
- Less efficient use of
system resources
- Inadequate testing
and documentation
- Negative behavioral
reactions
- Never-ending
development 13
 Computer-Aided Software Engineering (CASE)
● Process of using computer software technology that supports an
automated engineering discipline for software development and
maintenance.
● Software to help plan, analyze, design, program, and maintain an
information system
○ Strategic planning
○ Project and system management
○ Database design
○ Screen and report layout
○ Automatic code generation
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● CASE can produce DFDs, narrative documentation, screen and
CASE Advantages vs. Disadvantages

● Advantages ● Disadvantages
- Improved productivity - Incompatibility
- Improved program - Cost
quality - Unmet expectations
- Cost savings
- Improved control
procedures
- Simplified
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documentation