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  • Reliable Stream Transport Service (TCP)

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    Anita Sofia V
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    The document discusses the need for a reliable stream transport service at the lowest level of networking to ensure reliable delivery of packets that may otherwise be lost, destroyed, delayed, or delivered out of order. It describes the key properties of TCP as providing: 1) a stream-oriented, 2) virtual circuit connection with 3) buffered transfer of an 4) unstructured stream via a 5) full-duplex connection. TCP provides reliability using positive acknowledgement and retransmission of unacknowledged packets. It also outlines the processes for connection establishment and termination between an active and passive participant through the exchange of SYN, ACK, and FIN packets and presents a state transition diagram depicting the different states in a TCP connection.

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    TCP

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    The document discusses the need for a reliable stream transport service at the lowest level of networking to ensure reliable delivery of packets that may otherwise be lost, destroyed, delayed, or delivered out of order. It describes the key properties of TCP as providing: 1) a stream-oriented, 2) virtual circuit connection with 3) buffered transfer of an 4) unstructured stream via a 5) full-duplex connection. TCP provides reliability using positive acknowledgement and retransmission of unacknowledged packets. It also outlines the processes for connection establishment and termination between an active and passive participant through the exchange of SYN, ACK, and FIN packets and presents a state transition diagram depicting the different states in a TCP connection.

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    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    48 views8 pages

    Reliable Stream Transport Service (TCP)

    Uploaded by

    Anita Sofia V
    The document discusses the need for a reliable stream transport service at the lowest level of networking to ensure reliable delivery of packets that may otherwise be lost, destroyed, delayed, or delivered out of order. It describes the key properties of TCP as providing: 1) a stream-oriented, 2) virtual circuit connection with 3) buffered transfer of an 4) unstructured stream via a 5) full-duplex connection. TCP provides reliability using positive acknowledgement and retransmission of unacknowledged packets. It also outlines the processes for connection establishment and termination between an active and passive participant through the exchange of SYN, ACK, and FIN packets and presents a state transition diagram depicting the different states in a TCP connection.

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
    Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    of 8

    Reliable Stream Transport

    Service (TCP)
    Need for Stream Delivery
    Lowest Level
    • Packets are lost or destroyed
    • Network hardware fails
    • Network too heavily loaded
    • Packet switching changes routes dynamically
    – Packets out of order
    – Deliver them after substantial delay
    – Deliver duplicates
    Highest Level
    • Large volume of data
    – Complex
    – Build error detection and recovery into each
    application program
    Properties of The Reliable Delivery
    Service
    • Interface between application programs and
    TCP reliable delivery service can be
    characterized by 5 features
    – Stream orientation
    – Virtual Circuit Connection
    – Buffered Transfer
    – Unstructured Stream
    – Full duplex connection
    Providing Reliability
    • Reliable protocol use a single fundamental
    technique known as positive
    acknowledgement with retransmission
    • Sender keeps a record of each packet it sends
    & waits for the acknowldement
    • Sender starts a timer when it sends a packet
    • Retransmits the packet if the timer expires
    before ack arrives
    Connection Establishment

    Active participant Passive participant


    (client) (server)
    SYN,
    Sequ
    enceN
    um =
    x
    um = y,
    uenceN
    , S e q = x +1
    K t
    SY N
    + AC
    wled gmen
    k no
    Ac
    ACK,
    Ackno
    wledg
    men t=y+
    1

    CS 640 6
    Connection Termination
    Active participant Passive participant
    (server) (client)
    FIN, S
    equen
    ceNu
    m=
    x

    n t = x+1
    l ed gme
    Ackn
    ow u m = y
    N
    eq u ence
    S
    FIN,

    Ackno
    wledg
    ment
    =y + 1

    CS 640 7
    State Transition Diagram
    CLOSED
    Active open/SYN
    Passive open Close
    Close

    LISTEN

    SYN/SYN + ACK Send/SYN


    SYN/SYN + ACK
    SYN_RCVD SYN_SENT
    ACK SYN + ACK/ACK

    Close/FIN ESTABLISHED

    Close/FIN FIN/ACK
    FIN_WAIT_1 CLOSE_WAIT
    AC FIN/ACK
    ACK K Close/FIN
    +
    FI
    FIN_WAIT_2 N/
    AC CLOSING LAST_ACK
    K
    ACK Timeout after two ACK
    segment lifetimes
    FIN/ACK
    TIME_WAIT CLOSED

    CS 640 8

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