Botulism

prepared by 2nd year

student of 13th group
Kozachenko Anastasia
 BOTULISM

 is a rare but serious

condition caused by
toxins from bacteria
called Clostridium
botulinum.
 Clostridium Botulinum

 C. botulinum is an anaerobic bacterium, meaning it can only grow in the

absence of oxygen. Foodborne botulism occurs when C. botulinum grows and
produces toxins in food prior to consumption.
 C. botulinum produces spores and they exist widely in the environment
including soil, river and sea water.
 Person to person transmission of botulism does not occur.
 The bacterium C. botulinum is the same bacterium that is used to produce
Botox, a pharmaceutical product predominantly injected for clinical and
cosmetic use. Botox treatments employ the purified and heavily diluted
botulinum neurotoxin type A. Treatment is administered in the medical
setting, tailored according to the needs of the patient and is usually well
tolerated although occasional side effects are observed.
 Forms of botulism are:

 FOODBORNE BOTULISM. The harmful bacteria thrive and produce the

toxin in environments with little oxygen, such as in home-canned food.
 WOUND BOTULISM. If these bacteria get into a cut, they can cause a
dangerous infection that produces the toxin.
 INFANT BOTULISM. This most common form of botulism begins after
Clostridium botulinum bacterial spores grow in a baby's intestinal tract. It
typically occurs in babies between the ages of 2 months and 8 months.
 Foodborne botulism

Causes:
The botulinum toxin has been found in a
variety of foods,
 low-acid preserved vegetables, such
as green beans, spinach, mushrooms,
and beets;
 fish, including canned tuna,
fermented, salted and smoked fish;
and
 meat products, such as ham and
sausage
 Foodborne botulism

Symptoms:
► Difficulty swallowing or speaking
► Dry mouth
► Facial weakness on both sides of the face
► Blurred or double vision
► Drooping eyelids
► Trouble breathing
► Nausea, vomiting and abdominal cramps
► Paralysis
Signs and symptoms typically begin between 12
and 36 hours after the toxin gets into your body.
 Wound botulism

Causes:
► possiblycaused by an injury you
might not notice — they can
multiply and produce toxin.
► People who inject heroin, which
can contain spores of the bacteria.
In fact, this type of botulism is
more common in people who inject
black tar heroin.
 Wound botulism

Symptoms:
 Difficulty swallowing or speaking
 Facial weakness on both sides of the
face
 Blurred or double vision
 Drooping eyelids
 Trouble breathing
 Paralysis
 The wound may or may not appear red
and swollen
Signs and symptoms typically begin between 12 and
36 hours after the toxin gets into your body.
 Infant botulism

Causes:
 The source of infant
botulism may be
honey, but it's more
likely to be exposure to
soil contaminated with
the bacteria.
 Infant botulism

Symptoms:
 Floppy movements due to muscle weakness and
trouble controlling the head
 Weak cry
 Irritability
 Drooling
 Drooping eyelids
 Tiredness
 Difficulty sucking or feeding
 Paralysis
Symptoms typically begin within 18 to 36 hours after
the toxin enters the baby's body.
 Prevention

The WHO Five Keys to Safer Food provides the foundation for education
programs for food processors and consumer education. They are especially
important in preventing all food poisoning.
 keep clean
 separate raw and cooked
 cook thoroughly
 keep food at safe temperatures
 use safe water and raw materials.
Thank you for attention!