MODULE 6:

Big Question:
 Remember…
COGNITIVE DEVELOPMENT means
how children think, explore and figure
things out. It is the development of
knowledge, skills, problem solving
and dispositions, which help children
to think about and understand the
world around them. 
Think…
What is the
brain and how
does it work?
Think…
What happens
inside your brain
when you learn
something new?
Do you ever wonder
how you could walk on
a beam without losing
your balance?
Why is it when you
touch something hot,
you pull your hands
away even before you
even think about it?
LIVING THINGS have
systems that control,
regulate, and coordinate
body processes and
movements.
NERVOUS SYSTEM
 Exercises:

THINKING PUZZLES

Answer the following (1-25) briefly

in a Whole Sheet of Yellow Paper.
Take a clear picture of it and send
it in my email:
cidduker@gmail.com
until March 23, Monday ONLY. 
LATERAL THINKING PUZZLES
1. You are driving down the road in your car on
a wild, stormy night, when you pass by a bus
stop and you see three people waiting for the
bus:
a. An old lady who looks as if she is about to die
b. An old friend who once saved your life
c. The perfect partner you have been dreaming about
Knowing that there can only be one passenger
in your car, whom would you choose and why?
LATERAL THINKING PUZZLES
2. Acting on an anonymous phone call, the
police raid a house to arrest a suspected
murderer. They don't know what he looks like
but they know his name is John and that he is
inside the house. The police bust in on a
carpenter, a lorry driver, a mechanic and a
fireman all playing poker. Without hesitation or
communication of any kind, they immediately
arrest the fireman. How do they know they've
got their man?
LATERAL THINKING PUZZLES
3. A man lives in the penthouse of an
apartment building. Every morning he
takes the elevator down to the lobby
and leaves the building. Upon his
return, however, he can only travel
halfway up in the lift and has to walk
the rest of the way - unless it's
raining. What is the explanation for
this?
LATERAL THINKING PUZZLES
4. A father and his son are in a
car crash. The father is killed and
the child is taken to hospital
gravely injured. When he gets
there, the surgeon says, 'I can't
operate on this boy - for he is my
son!!!' How can this possibly be?
LATERAL THINKING PUZZLES
5. There are six eggs in the
basket. Six people each
take one of the eggs. How
can it be that one egg is left
in the basket?
LATERAL THINKING PUZZLES
6. A bus driver was heading down a street
in Colorado. He went right past a stop sign
without stopping, turned left where there
was a “no left turn” sign, and went the
wrong way on a one-way street. Then he
went on the left side of the road past a cop
car. Yet, he didn’t break any traffic laws.
Why not?
LATERAL THINKING PUZZLES
7. A man is sitting in his
cabin in Philippines. Three
hours later he gets out of
his cabin in China. How is
this possible?
LATERAL THINKING PUZZLES
8. A man leaves home and
makes three left turns, only
to return home facing two
men wearing masks. Who
are those two men?
LATERAL THINKING PUZZLES
9. A cow is tied to a 4 meter
long rope. There is food, 20
meters away from the cow.
However, the cow manages to
go to the food and eat it. How
come?
LATERAL THINKING PUZZLES
10. Somehow you end up in a room which
has three doors. Behind the first door,
there is deadly poisonous gas. Behind the
second door, there are trained assassins
with knives. Behind the third door, there
are lions which have not eaten in years.
Which door would you choose to open
and why?
BRAIN
PUZZLE
Decode the meaning
of the following.
For example:

Answer: LIVE IN PEACE

BRAIN
PUZZLE
11.
BRAIN
PUZZLE
12.
BRAIN
PUZZLE
13.
BRAIN
PUZZLE
14.
BRAIN
PUZZLE
15.
BRAIN
PUZZLE
16.
BRAIN
PUZZLE
17.
BRAIN
PUZZLE
18.
BRAIN
PUZZLE
19.
BRAIN
PUZZLE
20.
BRAIN
PUZZLE
21.
BRAIN
PUZZLE
22.
BRAIN
PUZZLE
23.
BRAIN
PUZZLE
24.
BRAIN
PUZZLE
25.
As you were thinking
of solutions to the
puzzles, what was
going on inside you?
How was it? What
organ was working?
BRAIN
It is the control center
of the body
It performs a lot of
tasks
It receives and
BRAIN
It makes us conscious,
emotional and smart.
It consists of
approximately 100
billion nerve cells or
neurons
BRAIN
An adult human brain is
approximately 1.3kg (2.86lbs)
mass of pinkish gray material
The brain of a baby is ¼ of
the size of an adult
BRAIN
Studies say that size of
the brain has nothing to
do with human
intelligence
3 Main Parts of the
Brain
Cerebrum
 or the FOREBRAIN, is the largest part
 Responsible for the higher thought
processes such as memory,
judgment and reason.
 It processes sensory data initiating
voluntary activities
3 Main Parts of the
Brain
Cerebellum
 The second largest part of the brain
 It controls muscle coordination and
coordinates balance and posture.
3 Main Parts of the
Brain
Brain Stem
 It is the part of the brain that
connects with the spinal cord
 It controls involuntary activities like
digestion, heartbeat and breathing
Spinal Cord
 It allows signals to be sent from the
brain to other parts of the body
 It also receives messages from the
different parts of the body to the
brain
 It is involved in reflexes that do not
immediately involve the brain
EXTERIOR PART OF THE
BRAIN
• Resembles the entire
brain of a reptile
• Referred to as the
reptilian brain
• The vital body
functioned, such as
heartbeat, respiration,
body temperature and
digestion, are monitored
and controlled by the
brain stem
• Reticular activating
system (RAS) is located
in brain stem, which is
responsible for brain’s
alertness.
 LIMBIC SYSTEM

• Generates emotion and

Charge of monitoring
the internal systems to • Process emotional memories
maintain homeostasis
or the normal state of
the body
body functions (sleep,
body temperature, and
food intake, by
controlling the release
of some hormones. Involved in many
cognitive activities,
Take part of emotions –fear including memory
Plays important role in
regulating interactions with
the environment that can
help you survive
It encodes emotions
whenever a memory is kept
in the long-term storage.

Consolidating learning and converts

information to the long-term storage
regions.
Capable of neurogenesis-production of new
neurons, which has significant effect on
learning and memory.
BRAIN
DOMINANCE
Which of these apply to you?
____ I am very organized ____ I tend to get emotional
____ I remember faces more than
____ I daydream a lot
names
____ I think things through before
____ I hate taking risks
making a decision.
____ If someone’s mad at me, I ____ I work best in a quiet
can tell even without the place
person saying a word.
____ I make a to-do-list
____ I trust my instinct

Just answer the following in your mind…

BRAIN
DOMINANCE
If you have more
“yes” answers
from the left
column, you are
probably left brain
dominant, while if
you have more
“yes” answers
from the right
column, you are
probably right-
BRAIN
Itconsists of :
Right Hemisphere
Left Hemisphere
Corpus callosum
 Left Hemisphere Right Hemisphere
Functions Functions

Connected to right side of Connected to left side of the

the body body

Processes input in a Processes input more

sequential and analytical holistically and abstractly
manner
Is time-sensitive Is space-sensitive
Generates spoken Interprets languages through
language gestures, facial movements,
emotions, and body
language
Does invariable and Does relational and
arithmetic operations mathematical operations
 Left Hemisphere Right Hemisphere
Functions Functions
Specializes in Specializes in recognizing
recognizing words and faces, places, objects, and
numbers music
Is active in constructing Is more truthful in recall
false memories
Seeks explanations for Puts events in spatial
why events occur patterns
Is better at arousing Is better at internal
attention to deal with processing
outside stimuli
BRAIN
There is nothing good or bad about either
preference. Both orientations can be
equally successful in accomplishing a
single task; however, one may be more
appropriate over the other depending on
the situation.
NOTE:
Lesson to be continued
through the next
modules/handouts which
will be posted next
week.