Let us start reading and studying our lessons for today:

LESSON 7: TYPES OF ELECTRICITY

(Read and study pages 238-242)

LESSON 8: COMPONENTS OF A CIRCUIT

(Read and study pages 243-248)

PS. Please get ready for our Online Class Discussion

and Consultation at 9:35 AM via Google Meet.
 Time for the
Online Class
Discussion and
Consultation
SCIENCE 5
Mr. Clyde Drexler M. Domingo
Subject Teacher

February 4, 2021
 ACTIVITY 3.10: LOOP

Electrons
Answer carries
the Loop
Where you able to
(carry) energy given
on page
decipher the236
code?
by electricity
Electricity
• is a form of energy that powers
The energy from the
most of our devices and
appliances
electrons enables a
Electrons
device
• Possess the
to work.
energy that
electricity gives to a device in
order to work
 What is
Electricity?
• A form of
energy made
up of charges
that can
produce
light, heat, or
 What is
Electricity?
Electricity is used to
operate your cell
phone, power trains
and ships, run your
refrigerator, and power
motors in machines like
food processors.
Electric energy must be
changed to other forms
of energy such as heat,
light or mechanical in
order to be useful.
 A B
+ + - -
C D
+ - - +
Which would repel or attract?
• Everything we see is made up of tiny little
parts called atoms. The atoms are made of
even smaller parts called protons, electrons
and neutrons.
• Sometimes electrons can be moved away from
their atoms.
• As we have seen in our study during the
first quarter, matter is composed of
atoms, which are composed of protons
(p+), neutrons (n0),
and electrons (e-).
• The protons are positively charged and are
found “locked” in the nucleus with the
neutrons.
• The electrons are negatively charged and are
moving around in the electron clouds,
and are not “locked”
into position.
• Neutrons have no charge.
 
 A B
+ + - -
C D
+ - - +
Which would repel or attract?
 2 Kinds of Electricity
Current
Static
AnThe
electric
flow charge
of electric
thatcharges
collectscarried
or builds
through
up on athe
material such
surface
as wire
of an
or object
other conductors

• Examples
– Power
Shocking
lines
– Computers
Lightening
– Appliances
How Static Electricity is Produced
• When it comes to charges, all objects
naturally are neutral.
• However, when build up of one
This build up of charge is because of
specific charge is created in an
rubbing. When objects are rubbed,
object, then it becomes either
onepositively
specificcharged
charge or(protons or
negatively
electrons)
charged.is built in.
 Electrons, Protons, Neutrons

• Positively Charged
–The amount of protons are greater
compared to electrons
• Negatively Charged
–The amount of electrons are
greater compared to the protons
How Static Electricity is Produced
• When oppositely
Static Electricity is produced when: charged
objects
1. electrons are (+-, -+)
transferred
another object due to friction.
are
from oneplaced
object to

near charges
2. Opposite eachare other, theytwotend
built between objects
and these are placed near each other.
to attract.
 Example
of Static
Electricity
When you unexpectedly
brushed your skin against
the surface of the metal,
the electrons from the
metallic surface
transferred to your skin.
Static Electricity is not
always weak all the time.
Lightning is a very powerful
static electricity.
• If you have ever experienced the discharge of
static electricity as you walk around on carpet
in your socked feet and then get shocked
when you touch something, then you know
that charge can be transferred.
• Anytime objects touch each other, there is a
transfer of electrons, as the electrons in the
outer energy levels of an atom, are held less
tightly, and can be torn away.
• If there are enough extra electrons accumulating,
then the object starts to get “charged” up and has
a noticeable difference in charge.
 
• If the charge dissipates quickly, no accumulation
can occur.
 How Electric Current is Produced
• The current is defined as the rate of charge
movement or the movement of electrons
through an area over a given amount of time.
• Electric current is the flow of electrons
through a complete circuit of conductors. It is
measured in amperes.
• Current is used to power everything from our
lights to our trains.
• The faster the movement of electrons the
higher the current.
• Sometimes the flow of electrons is slowed down
by any number of factors. These factors include:
1. Materials – what the electrons are moving through

2. Temperature – how warm or cold the materials are

3. Length – how far the electrons need to move

4. Cross section – how wide the area is the electrons are

trying to move through
Current Electricity
• Unlike static electricity, the electrons in
current electricity are continuous and
flowing.
• Produces an electric current that comes
from a source that flows through
conduction along a pathway to a device.
• Can be carried over long distances
 ACTIVITY
Can
How youLight
Does 3.11:
liveMake INQUIRY
without LAB
electricity?
a Difference in Your Life?

Answer the
Inquiry Lab on
page 243
In order for a current to flow, the
circuit must be closed; in other
words, there must be an
uninterrupted path from the
power source, through the circuit,
then back to the power source.
The Uninterrupted Path
ELECTRIC CIRCUIT

If one from the following is removed

then the device will not work.
 Will the electricity from a
battery run out after some use?

• As the electrons flow, some of them are changed into heat

and light energy.
• The longer you use heat and light, the more electron will be
taken away from the battery.
Electricity can be considered as
electrons in motion
In order for it to flow...
…Source or the Power Supply…
…Path or the Electric Wires
…Load or the Bulb...

…Switch…
Schematic Diagram to Represent Circuit
Parts and Symbols of an Electric Circuit

Source
-Power supply of electricity
Ex. Generators, batteries

Battery
_
+
Parts and Symbols of an Electric Circuit

Switch
-Controls the flow of electricity
from the source

Open Switch Closed Switch

Parts and Symbols of an Electric Circuit

Wire
-Pathway of electricity from the
source to the load
Ex. Electric Wires and Cords
Parts and Symbols of an Electric Circuit

Load
-Appliance or device
Ex. Computers, Lightbulbs

Bulb / Lamp
Two Types of Circuits

Parallel Circuit Series Circuit

Series Circuit
If one bulb is
removed, the series
circuit will not work.
 Series Circuits
1. Series Circuits - Circuit (or portion of) in which
there is a single conducting path without
junctions for electricity to follow
• All bulbs / resistors / components in series will
have the same current. This is because the
current can only flow as fast as the slowest
(most resistant) component will allow.
• Series circuits require all elements to conduct,
no broken parts, or the current stops.
• Below is a list of advantages and
disadvantages of series circuits (notice some
may be both)

• Advantage of series circuits:

1. Good for regulating current (all parts have
same current)
2. Good for reducing current on individual
parts
3. Current stops if a component breaks
• Disadvantages of series circuits:
1. All parts have same current
2. If one part breaks, the whole circuits fails
Parallel Circuit
If one bulb is
removed, the parallel
circuit will still work.
 Parallel Circuits
2. Parallel Circuits - Circuit (or part of) where
components are connected across common
points and provides separate conducting paths
for electricity to follow
• Below is a list of advantages and disadvantages of parallel circuits (notice
some may be both)
 
• Advantages of parallel:
1. Parallel circuits do not require all elements to conduct
2. One part can malfunction and the rest will continue to work
3. Potential difference does not change for all components when
one component fails

 Allows for standardization of products

 Allows manufacturers to regulate current through a product by resistors
 Home wired in parallel
 
• Disadvantages of parallel:
 
1. Current will change if one component fails
2. Current different in all components
ACTIVITY 3.12: WHAT TO DO

Answer What
To Do on page
250-251.
ACTIVITY 3.13: TRANSFERING ELECTRONS

Answer the
Investigate on
page 237.
ACTIVITY 3.14: CHECK YOUR UNDERSTANDING
Write TRUE if the statement is correct and FALSE if not.
1. Batteries control the flow of electricity.
2. Copper has high resistance to electrical flow.
3. Switches are used to turn on or turn off a load.
4. Electricity is defined as the capacity to do work.
5. There are two or more switches in a parallel circuit.
6. Parallel circuit is a circuit two or more bulbs in a row.
7. A circuit breaker opens and closes an electrical circuit.
8. Electric wires are devices that use electricity from a source.
9. Televisions and radios are examples of a load in an electric circuit.
10. Conductors are materials that do not allow electricity to pass through.
11. Conductance is the capacity of an object to allow the passage of
electricity.
12. Electrical current is a closed path or loop around which an electric
current flows.
13. Current electricity is produced when two materials are rubbed against
each other.
14. Static electricity is produced when electrons are transferred to
another object by friction.
15. A transformer transports electricity to distant places where power
generators are not available.