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Structure of atom
CHARGE
• The SI unit of electric charge is the coulomb (C).
• It takes about 6.24 × 1018 electrons to produce a single coulomb.
• A lightning bolt is about 10 to 20 coulombs of charge, and a camera flash is about
0.025 coulombs.
ELECTRIC FORCES
• Like charges repel
• Opposite charges attract
• The force of attraction/repulsion between electrically charge objects is electric
force
STATIC ELECTRICITY
• Study of the behavior of electric charges, including how charges are transferred
between objects
• Several ways charge can build up or move
• Friction
• Contact
• Induction
• Electrical insulator
• Material through which charge cannot flow easily
• Do not have free electrons (held more tightly to the nucleus)
• Wood, Plastic, Rubber, and Air
RESISTANCE
Voltage
A pump lifts water to
the top of the
fountain, increasing
the gravitational
potential energy of the
water. A voltage
source increases the
electrical potential
energy of electric
charges.
OHM’S LAW
•V = IR
• Increasing the voltage increases the current, keeping the same voltage and
increasing the resistance decreases the current
• http://phet.colorado.edu/en/simulation/battery-resistor-circuit
ELECTRIC CIRCUITS
• Open Circuit - Circuit is not complete -- Switch is “Off”, so no current can flow
• The direction of Current is defined as the direction in which positive charges
would flow….. Electrons in a wire flow opposite direction.
SERIES CIRCUIT
• Only one path for current to follow
PARALLEL CIRCUIT
• An electric circuit for two or more paths through which charges can flow
• If one element stops working in a parallel circuit the others can still operate
KEY IDEAS
• Differences between el conductors & insulators is explained by how freely the electrons flow through the material
due to how firmly the electrons are held to the nucleus