RIZAL’S LIFE AND

EDUCATION
 RIZAL’S LIFE AND EDUCATION AT ATENEO
 In 1872, Rizal was sent by his parents to Manila for further schooling.

 He passed the entrance exam on Christian Doctrine,Arithmetic and Reading at the

COLLEGE OF SAN JUAN DE LETRAN, a Dominican-owned school

 After taking the exam, he returned home to Calamba to attend to the town fiesta.

 Don Francisco, who first wanted Rizal to study at Letran changed his mind and
decided to him to Ateneo instead.

 His suppose entrance to Ateneo Municipal was first rejected by Father Magin
Fernando, the college registrar, because Rizal was late from registration and was
sickly and undersized for his age of 11 years. However, his brother Paciano, a
former aid of martyred Father Jose Burgos, pleaded to Manuel Xerex Burgos to
intercede. At last, Jose Rizal was admitted but was assigned to sit at last row of the
class.
 At the time Rizal studied at Ateneo, the school was located in Intramuros.

 Rizal boarded a house on Caraballo Street was owned by a spinster, Titay.

 The Jesuit system of education at the Ateneo was more advanced than
other colleges in that period. It trained rigid religious instruction and
promoted physical culture, humanities , and scientific studies. It offered
courses in Bachelor of Arts and vocational courses. Students heard mass in
the morning before beginning classes. Classes in every subject were opened
and closed in prayers.

 Students were divided into two groups;

1. ROMAN EMPIRE ‘INTERNOS” (BOARDERS) Red Banners
2. CARTHAGINIANS “EXTERNOS” (NON-BOARDERS) Blue
Banners
they were constant of the competition for supremacy in the
class. The students wore a school uniform, consisted of hemp-fabric trouser
and striped cotton coat.
 Rizal’s first Professor at the Ateneo was Father Jose Bech, a tall , thin man
, an ascetic face , and a sharp nose like a Greek.

 At First, Rizal was an EXTERNO, a Carthaginian occupying the end line but
after one month , he became the emperor, the brightest pupil in the class
and was awarded a religious picture as a prize. The first prize he ever
won at the Ateneo.
 During noon recesses, he took private lessons in Santa Isabel College to
improve his Spanish. He paid three pesos for extra Spanish lessons.
 During the second term at Ateneo, he only placed second in rank
because he resented some of the remarks of his professors. Although all
his grades still marked “ excellent”.
 Rizal returned to Calamba in March 1873 for summer vacation. But he did
not enjoy his vacation because his mother was in prison. To cheer up his
sadness, he secretly went to santa Cruz to visit his mother in jail and
showed his brilliant grades that made his mother very happy.
 At the end of the summer vacation 1873, Rizal returned to Manila to
enroll in second year term. This time he boarded inside Intramuros at No.
6 Magallanes Street at the house owned by Donya Pepang , an old widow.

 During his second year , some of his classmates were new at Binan under
Maestro Cruz.

 At first, he neglected his studies because he was offended by his remarks

of his teachers but regained his lost class leadership and again became
again an “emperor”

 At the end of the school year, he received excellent grades in all subjects
and two gold medals- one in Topography and another in Agriculture.
He was later to qualify as a surveyor and expert assessor. He returned
to Calamba in March 1874 for the summer vacation.
 In his vacation, he visited his mother at the jail with the nes of his
scholastic performance at Ateneo.

 In the course of their conversation, his mother told her son about her
dream , and Rizal interpreted her dream that she would be relieved from
prison after three months. Barely three months , Donya Teodora was
released form prison. Rizal’s prophecy of his mother came true.

 During his vacation, Rizal began to take interest in reading romantic

tales, love stories, romantic novels, friction and non-fiction stories. His
forst favorite novel The Count of Monte Cristo made a deep
impression on him. He also read Travels in the Philippines written by
Feodor Jagor.

 At the opening of the school year in June 1874, her mother arrived and
joyously told him that she was released from prison and Rizal’ prediction
became true.
 Despite the family happiness, Rizal did not make an excellent showing
unlike in the previous year. Though he was excellent in all the subjects ,
he won only one medal in Latin. He did not win the medal in Spanish . He
was beaten by a Spanish student who could naturally speak Spanish.

 By the end of March 1875, he returned to Calamba for a summer

vacation.

 He returned to Manila in June 1876, for his fourth year.

 He finished his last term in Bachelor of Arts and obtained the

highest grades in all subjects (Philosophy, Biology , Chemistry ,
Languages , Mineralogy , Zoology and etc. )

 He graduated as a Valedictorian in a Commencement Day held on

March 23, 1877. He was nearlt 16 years old.
 RIZAL’S LIFE AND EDUCATION AT UST
 Rizal’s higher education started in college, after completing his Bachelor of
Arts.
(a high school diploma equivalent ) hid higher education was spent mostly in
UST.

 Both Paciano and Don Francisco wanted Rizal to enter a university but
Donya Teodora opposed the idea because Spaniards might “ Cut-off hi
head”.

 The Bachelr of Arts course during the Spanish time is only equivalent to
high school diploma or junior college today.
 In April , when Rizal was nearly 16 years old, he enrolled at UST. He took up
Philosophy and Letters because his father liked it and he was uncertain
as to what course he would pursue.
 At first, he was attracted to a priesthood. The Jesuit fathers wanted him to
 Having received Father Pablo Ramon’s advice to study Medicine , he took
up medical course enrolling simultaneously in pre-medical course and
regular medical course.

 While at UST, he also studied at Ateneo taking up vocational course leading

to the tittle Perito Agrimensor (expert surveyor) . He excelled in all
subjects in surveying course and obtained gold medals in Agriculture and
Topography.

 He passed the final examination in the surveying course and granted the
tittle as surveyor in November 25, 1881.

 While at Ateneo pursuing the surveying course, he became active in

extracurricular activities. He was elected President of the Academy of
Spanish Literature and Secretary of the Academy of Spanish Literature. He
was also a Secretary of the Mason Congregation.
 While at UST, he fell in love with three (3) women. During the first year , he
feel in love with a woman simply called “Miss L” a woman with a fair ,
seductive and attractive eye. The romance died like a natural death
because of two reasons; (1) the sweet memory of Segunda Katigbak (the
first sweetheart of Rizal) (2) Rizal’s father did not like the family of “Mis
L” is lost in history.

 During his sophomore year, he courted Leonor Valenzuela ( Orang) a

tall girl, with regal bearing. He sent her love notes in invisible ink .
Nevertheless , he taught Orang to heat it over a candle or lamp so that the
words may appear. But as Segunda Katgbak , he stopped visiting the
woman “Miss L”.

 During his Junior year, Rizal had a romance with Leonor Rivera of Cmiling
, Tarlac. Leonor was a frail, pretty girl and a student of La Concordia
College . Both Rizal and Leonor were engaged . Rizal used a sign name
“Taimis” to camouflage their relationship from their parents.
 Rizal studied at UST from 1878 to 1882 . His grade in the Medicine
subjects consisted of 2 excellent 3 very good 8 good 2 fair . His grades
at UST College of Medicine was not as impressive as what he got in Ateneo
due to hostility of the Dominican professors to him, backward method of
instruction and racial discrimination against Filipino students.

 During his college days at UST and Ateneo , Rizal was involved in brawls
and Spanish Brutality. During the summer vacation in 1878, while walking
on a dimly street not knowing the figure close to him, he did not greet and
say “Good Evening”. Rizal’s back got struck with a sword. The wound lasted
for two weeks. He reported the incident to the Spanish Governor but
nothing came out of his complaint.

 Unlike in Ateneo, Rizal was unhappy at UST because the Dominican

University professors were hostile to him. The Filipino students were
discriminated and the method of instruction was repressive.
 After completing the fourth-year term in Medicine, Rizal decided to study in
Spain because he could no longer endure the discrimination and oppression
at UST and because in Spain, the professors were more liberal than those in
UST.
 RIZAL’S TRAVEL LIFE AND EDUCATION
ABROAD
 Dr. Jose Rizal was considered as the “ MOST TRAVELED FILIPINO HERO” . He
travelled to almost 20 countries and about 40 island cities.

 Rizal’s Parents , Leonor, and the Spanish authorities knew nothing of the
decision to go abroad . Only his older brother Paciano, Uncle Antonio
Rivera, and, sisters Neneng and Lucia, the Valenzuela Family and their
daughter Orang, Pedro Paterno , his compadre Mateo Evagelista , the
Ateneo Jesuit priest and some intimate friends knew of his secret departure.

 May 3, 1882- on board the Spanish Steamer (Salvadora) Rizal departed for
Sapin using JOSE MERCADO , on his travel documents. His main reason in
leaving the Philippines was to transfer at the UNIVERSIDAD CENTRAL DE
MADRID in Spain and to finish his medicine course. On board were 16
passenger including Rizal he is the only Filipino Passsenger, the rest were
Spaniards , british and Indian Negroes.
 May 8 , 1882 - on his way to Spain , he had a two-day stop over in
Singapore and English Colony. He reached the island considered by him as
“Talim Island with the Susong Dalaga” . The following day , May 9, 1882
Rizal registered to a hotel de paz and spent two days sight seeing sorties
of the city.

 May 11, 1882- he was on board the steamer (Djemnah)

 May 17, 1882- he arrived at Point Galle , a seacost town in souther

Ceylon.

 May 18, 1882- he had a stop over at Colombo , the capital of Ceylon.

 May 28, 1882- voyage and continue the Indian ocean until it reached
Africa.

 June 2, 1882- he proceeded to Suez Canal.

 June 15, 1882 - left Marseilles and last trip to Spain.

 June 16, 1882- From Port Bou, Rizal continue his trip for the last lap by
train from Spain and finally reached his destination. Barcelona , Spain.
Rizal stayed in Hotel de Espanya and in Sitges Street with Tomas
Cabangis and boarded a house in San Severo Hospital in the City of
Barcelone. At first , Rizal had a bad impression at Barcelona ( ugly-dirty-
little inns-inhospitable people). Later , he changed his mind and came to
like the city as a great city with atmosphere of freedom and liberalism and
the people were open –hearted , hospitable and courageous.

 Rizal was welcomed by the Filipinos in Barcelona, some of whom were his
classmates in Ateneo. They gave him a party at their favorite cafe ( Plaze
de Catalina). They shared a conversations.

 While in Barcelona, Rizal received tro bad news. The first one was about the
cholera outbreak that ravanged Manila and the Provinces. And the second
one was the chatty letter of Chenggoy recounting the unhappiness of
 November 3, 1882- on the advice of Paciano to Rizal, to finish Medical
course in Madrid, Rizal left Barcelona in the fall of 1882 and went to Madrid,
the Capital of Spain. On November 3, 1882 , he enrolled in the Universidad
Central de ,adrid in Medicine and Philosophy and Letters . In Madrid . He
lodge at Visitation Street, No.3 3rd floor (Room 4, in 1883. in October 1884,
he transferred to Pizarro street, No. 13 and later on at Ventura de la Vega
Street.

 He also studied painting anf sculpture in the Academy of Fine Arts of

San Fernando, took tutoring lessons in French and English and Practiced
Fencing and Shooting in the Hall of Arms of Sanz Carbonell.

 Life in Madrid- Rizal lived frugally , rigidly bufgeting his money wisely,
although he used to buy tickets in every draw of Madrid Lottery, he never
wasted his money gamnling , wine and women. Rizal spent his leisure time
by reading books , such as on military engineering to broaden his cultural
background. As a lover of books he purchased books from a second-hand
bookstore owned by curtained Roses. In fact, he was able to built a fair-
 He also fraternized with other students at Antigua Café d Levantes. On
Saturday evenings, he visited the home of Don Pablo Ortega y Rey (Father
of Consuelo) , who has been the City Mayor of Manila during the
Administration of Governor Carlos de la Torre(1869-1871). During one of his
visits to the Ortega’s house, he became attracted by Consuelo’s beauty and
charm.

 June 21 , 1884 - Rizal was conferred to Licentiate in Medicine with a

rating of “Fair” by the Universidad Central de Madrid after completing 5th
year (1882-1883) 6th year term (1883-84). In his six subjects , he got
“Excellent” in Legal Medicine and “fair” in Obstetrician Clinic. He got
“Good” and “ Very Good” in the other subjects.

 In the next academic year (1884-85), he passed all the subjects leading to
the degree of Doctor of Medicine. He , however, was not conferred the
degree of Doctor of Medicine for failure to present a thesis for graduation
and pay for the corresponding fee.
 June 24, 1884 - Rizal was broke. With empty stomach, he attended his
classes at the University, participated in the contest in Greek Language and
won the gold medal. On the evening of June 24 however, he was able to
take his dinner because he was a guest speaker in a banquet held in honor
of San Juan and Felix Resurrecion Hidalgo at Restaurant Ingles in Madrid.

 November 20, 1884 – student demonstration started to explode at the

Universidad Central de Madrid due to the expulsion of Dr. Miguel Morayta,
professor of history in the University.

 June 19, 1885 - on his 24th birthday anniversary, Rizal was awarded the
degree of Licentiate in Philosophy and Letters by the Universidad
Central de Madrid with a rating of “Excellent”. By obtaining this degree , he
became qualified to be a professor of humanities in any Spanish University.

 June 25, 1885 – Rizal was invited to speak in a banquet to celebrate the
double victory of two Flipino Artist, Antonio Luna “Spolarium” Felix
Hodalgo’s “Christians Virgins Exposed to the Populace”
 October, 1885- Rizal had a stop over in Barcelona on his way to Paris. He
visited his friend , Maximo Viola, member of a rich family from San Miguel,
Bulacan.

 November , 1885 - Rizal went to Paris and lived there for four (4)
months, where he worked as an Assistant to Dr.Louis de Wecket , a
leading French Ophatalmologist. He rapidly improved his knowledge in
ophthalmology.

 February 3. 1886 - after 4 months of stay in Paris, he left Paris for

Heidelberg , Germany. He lived for a short time , with German law
students in a boarding house but later transferred to a boarding house near
the University of Heidelberg. Since Rizal was a good chess player, he
was made a Member of Chess Player’s Club.

 Rizal worked at the University Eye Hospital under Dr. Otto Becker , a
distinguished German Opthalmologist and attended lectures of Dr. Becker
and Prof. Wilhelm Kuehne at the University.
 July 3, 1886- Rizal wrote his First Letter in German to Prof. Ferdinand
Blumentritt, an Austrain ethnologist interested in Philippine Languages.

 August 6. 1886- Rizal was sad to leave because he head come to love
the City and its hospitable people.

 August 9, 1886 - he arrived at Leipzig. He attended some lectures at the

University of Leipzig in history and psychology. Prof. Frendrich Ratzel, a
famous German historian and Dr. Hans Meyer, German anthropologist
became Rizal’s Friends.

 October 29, 1886- he arrived at Dresden, Germany and met Dr. Adolf B.
Meyer, Director of the Antropological and Ethnological Museum.

 November 1, 1886 – Rizal left Dresden by Train and reached Berlin in the
evening. Rizal met for the first time Dr. Feodor Jagor, famous German
scientist-traveler and author of Travels in the Philippines.
 Life in Berlin – Rizal became impressed in Berlin because of its scientific
atmosphere and the absence of racial race. He lived in Berlin in a frugal
life. He worked as as assistant in Dr. Swhweigger’s clinic. At hight he
attended lectures in the University of Berlin. He took private lesson under
French Professor Madam Lucie Cerdale.

 During the winter in 1886 in Berlin , he lived in poverty because he was flat
broke.he was unable to pay his langlord because no money arrived from
Calamba, he pawned the diamond ring that was given to him by his sister
Saturnina. He had to eat only one meal a day, and the daily meal consisted
of bread and water or cheap vegetable soup. He washed his clothes
because he cannot afford to pay laundry. Paciano was delayed in raising the
necessary funds, Rizal’s health broke down. He began and feared that he
was going to be sick with tuberculosis.

 Rizal went to Berlin for five (5) reasons; (1) to increase his knowledge in
ophthalmology(2)to broaden his studies of sciences snd languages (3) to
observe political and economic conditions of Germany (4) to associate with
 May 11, 1887- Rizal and Viola left berlin for Dresden. They Visited Dr.
Adolf B. Meyer. They also met Dr. Jagor. Dr. Jagor suggested that they must
send a wire to Blumentritt.

 May 13, 1887- Rizal and Viola on board a train reached Leitmeritz,
Bohemia. Professor Blumentritt received their wire and met Rizal and Viola
warmly. Rizal also met another famous scientist of Europe, Dr. Carlos
Czepelan and another eminent naturalist Robert Klutschak.

 May 17, 1887- Rizal and Viola left Leimeritz by train on their way to
Prague. They carried recommendation letters of Professor Blumentritt to Dr.
Willhomm, Professor of Natural History in the University of Prague.

 May 19, 1887- Rizal and Viola went to Brunn City But nothing importance
happened during their visit.

 May 20, 1887- they arrived at the city of Vienna. Where they met Mr.
Norfenfoe, one of the greatest novelist in Europe.
 May 24, 1887- Rizal and Viola left Vienna on a river boat to see the
beautiful sights of the Danube River. The river voyage ended in Lintz,
afterwards they travelled on land to Salzburg and from there to Munich.
From Munich, they went to Nuremberg, one of the oldest city of Germany.
They visited the Ulm, particularly the Cathedral. From Ulm they went to
Stuttgart, Baden and Rheinfall.

 June 1-3, 1887- continued their trip on a boat and reached Basel, Bern ,
Lausenne. Then they crossed the lake of Geneva.

 June 6 , 1887- they reached Geneva, Switzerland and lodged in Bel Air
No. 2 Rue de Rhine. While Rizal was there he received the sad news from
his friends in Ambrid of the deplorable conditions of the Igorots of Northern
Luzon were exhibited in the 1887 Madrid Exposition, some of whom died.

 June19, 1887- it was Rizal’s 26th birthday, he treated Viola to a blow-out

with a sumptuous meal. After five years of stay in Europe and other places,
Rizal decided to return home to the Philippines.
 June 23, 1887 - Rizal and Viola parted ways. They both spent 15
delightful days in Geneva. Viola returned to Barcelona while Rizal continued
his tour to Italy.

 June 24, 1887 – Rizal went to Italy and visited Turin, Milla, Venice and
Florence.

 June 27, 1887- Rizal reached Rome, the “Eternal City” . He wrote to
Blumentritt that Rome is a sanctuary of Heroes.

 June 29, 1887- Rizal visited the Vatican, “the city of Popes”. And after a
week of travel Rizal was prepared to return to the Philippines. He wrote to
his Father announcing that he is coming home. But, Paciano, Silvestre
Ulbado, Chengoy and other friends warned him not to returned home ,
because of the Publication of his “Noli Me Tangere”, which caused uproar
and anger among the friars in the Philippines. Rizal did not heed their
warning. He was determined to home for the following reasons; (1) to
operate on his mother’s eyes; (2) to serve the Filipino People who were
 July 3, 1887- Rizal left Rome by train for Marseilles, a French port and
Boarded the Djemnah a Manila-bound steamer.

 July 30, 1887- in Saigon , he transferred to another steamer Haiphong

which was bound for Manila.

 August 2, 1887- Haiphong left Saigon for Manila. The vayage was
pleasant and enjoyable.

 August 5, 1887- Haiphong arrived in Manila.

 August 8, 18887- Rizal returned home in Calamba. He was met

affectionately and with plentiful tears of joy. However, his family become
worried for his safety so Paciano did not leave him during his first days after
arrival. His father did not let him go alone.
 Upon his return from abroad, Rizal established a medical clinic in Calamba.
His first Patient was his mother who was almost blind. This was the primary
reason why he took up medicine and study abroad. Rizal treated his
mother’s eye but cannot yet perform surgical operation because her
cataract was not yet ripe. Some patients from manila and nearby provinces
flocked to Calamba for treatment. Soon he acquired a lucrative medical
practice earning P900 a month and after a year, he earned a total of
P5,000. His professionalism fees were reasonable. Those who were poor
were treated free of charge.

 During his stay in Calamba he failed to see Leonor Rivera. He attempted to

go to Dagupan, Pangasinan but his parents prevented him because
Leonor’s mother did not like Rizal for a son-in-law.

 Due to the publication of his Novel “Noli Me Tangere” there were threats of
his life. Despite of the government prohibition of the circulation of the book,
many Filipinos got hold of copies which they read at night behind closed
 Governor General Emilio Terrero , being liberal minded general refused to
be intimidated by the friars. In fact, he assigned a young Spanish
lieutenant, Don Jose Taviel de Andrade as bodyguard to prevent Rizal from
being harasses. Fr. Francisco de Paula Sanchez, Jose Bech and Father
Federico Faura, Rizal’s Jesuit professors believed that everything in “Noli”
was the truth but they were afraid that Rizal might be arrested and
persecuted.

 The Dominican Friars got more furious because of Rizal’s exposure of the
deplorable conditions of tenancy in Calamba which infuriated further
enemies. This alarmed his parents, relatives, and friends, even Lt. Andrade.
Thus , the governor-general advised Rizal to escape and leave the
Philippines for his own good.
 February 3, 1888 – he was forced to leave to Calamba. He left Manila for
Hongkong on board the Zafiro.

 February 8, 1888- he arrived at Hongkong, he was welcomed by Filipinos,

like Jose Maria Basa, Balbino Mauricio and Manuel Yriarte. He stayed at
Victoria Hotel.

 February 18, 1888- Rizal and Basa visited Macao,boarded on the steamer
Ku-kiang. They stayed at Don Juan Franciso Lecaros, a Filipino married to a
portugues.

 February 20, 1888- they left Macao and returned to Hongkong.

 February 21, 1888- while Rizal was back at Hongkong. Jose Sainz de
Varonda (Spaniard)was sent by the Spanish authorities to spy rizal.

 February 22, 1888-Rizal was on board on the steamer Oceanic for Japan.
 February 29, 1888- he proceeded to Tokyo and stayed at Tokyo Hotel. “
Japan the land of Cherry Blossom”.

 Rizal studied Japanese Language, drama and visited the Libraries,

museums , art galleries, shrines and villages. Rizal met a Japanese girl
Seiko-San. Who became his guide , interpreter and tutor.

 April 13, 1888- he boarded the Belgic bound for United States. During his
travel he met the Japanese Newspaper man Techo Suchero.

 April 28, 1888- they arrived in San Francisco Port.they were not allowed to
land on that time because of the cholera outbreak from the eastern part.

 May 4, 1888- after the quarantine period, all passengers including rizal.
Was allowed to enter the land. And then he stayed at the Palace Hotel.

 May 6, 1888- he proceeded to Oakland and boarded on a Ferry Boat.

 May 7, 1888- Rizal boarded a train across the continent, (Reno, Nevada )
(Denver) (Colorado)(Nebraska) (Chicago) (Canada) (Albany).

 May 13, 1888- he reached New York.

 May 18, 1888- he left New York, on board to the City of Rome. He visited
the statue of Liberty.

 After two years of visit to the America, Rizal’s impression is that America is
progressive nation with great cities, huge farms and industries. Where
people are energetic for a better life.

 May 25, 1888- he stayed at London as a guest of Dr. Antonio Ma.

Regidor (a practicing lawyer). After that he boarded at the Beckett
family . He spent most of his time in the British Museums annotating
Morga’s Book, Successos de los islas Filipinas (the historical events of
the Philippine Islands)
 Rizal received news while he is in London:
1. persecution of the Filipino patriots who signed the petition addressed
to the Queen Regent of Spain requesting the expulsion of Fiars in the Phil.
2. attacks on Rizal by Senator Salamanca and Vida in the Spanish
Cortez
3.persecution of Rizal’s Family and other Calamba farmer for their
petiton on agrarian reforms.
4. exile of Manuel T. Hidalgo (Saturnina’s Husband) by Governor-
General Weyler to bohol without due process.
5. arrest and jailing of Rizal’s friend Lauriano Viado in bilibid prison
because of the copies of “Noli” found in his house.

 September 1888- he visited Paris .

 December 11, 1888- he went to Spain and Visited Madrid and Barcelona, to
visit his compatriots Marcelo H. del Pilar and Mariano Ponce, two great
leaders of Propaganda movement.

 December 24, 1888- he returned to London he received a gft from Mrs.

 December 31, 1888- a patriotic society was established and inagaurated
“Associatio La Solidaridad” and Rizal was choosen as the Honorary
President. Galicano Apacible (Preisdent) Graciano Jaena (v-pres) Manuel
Santa Maria (sec.) Mariano Ponce (tres.) Jose Ma. Panganiban ( Accountant).

 January 14, 1889- he wrote a proposal to Blumentreet to establish the

“International Association of Filipinologists” and its inaugaural at
French Capital, and the latter gladly supported him.
 January 28, 1889- he wrote a lette of thanks to the member of the
“Association La Solidaridad”

 February 15, 1889- Graciano Jaena, found the fortnightly newspaper La

Solidaridad in Barcelona– the organ of Propaganda Movement. The aims
of La Solidaridad; (1) to work for a peaceful political and social reforms in
the phil. (2)to portray the deplorable conditions of the phil. So that Spain
may remedy them.(3)to oppose the evil forces of reaction (4) to advocate
liberal ideas and progress (5) to champion the legitimate aspirations of the
 March 19, 1889- Rizal went to Paris, he organized his compatriots into a
society called “Kidlat Club” .

 May 6, 1889- they attended the cutting of ribbon of the Universal

Exposition of Paris.

 June 24, 1889- he stood as a godfather to the baby girl to Juan Luna and
Paz de Talavera .
 August 1889- he scheduled the inaugaural of the “internation
association of Filipinologist”.

 September 21, 1889- he founded another society during the Universal

Exposition in Paris the “ Redencion de los Malayos” (Redemtion of the
Malays) with the initials R.D.L.M Society.

 January 15, 1890- he returned to Paris. He left paris for two reasons; (1)the
cost of living is very high (2) the gay social life of the city that hampered
his literary works, the writing of his 2nd novel “El Filibusterismo”.
 June 20, 1890- rizal asked M.H. del Pilar to stand as their family lawyer in a
land case, but still they lost the case.

 July 9, 1890- he wrote a warning to Graciano Jaena and Mariano Ponce, to

not go to Cuba.

 July 18, 1890- he wrote that he is determine to go home because of his

Family’s condition.

 July 29, 1890- he has the desire to leave Brussels to Madrid. While his in
Brussels he has an enourmous relationship with Suzanne Jacoby, a Belgian
girl.

 August 1890- he arrived at Madrid.

 August 19, 1890- the news of the death of his friend Jose Ma. Panganiban,
died in Barcelona because of the lingering illness.

 September 6, 1890- Paciano , Antonio Lopez, Silvestre Ubaldo, Mateo

 December 1890- he received a letter for Leonor Rivera, about her upcoming
wedding to an Englishman. Because of this he was left broken-hearted.

 December 1890- Rizal and M.H del Pilar were rivals for leadership
supremacy. Unfortunately some if his former admirers supported del Pilar’s
supremacy.

 January 1, 1891- around 90 Filipinos met, to patch up Rizal and Rizal

differences and to insensify the campaign for reform. Rizal Retired from the
Propaganda.

 February 1, 1891- left Madrid to Biarritz . He fell in love with Neillie of Nelly.

 February 4, 1891- M.H. del Pilar teased Rizal to change the “O” in Noli tp an
“E” which means Noli to Nelly or Neillie.
 February 7, 1891- the filipinos put up Responsable , a leader to direct the
affairs of the filipino community and to determine the editorial policy of the
La Solidaridad. Del Pilar objected. Rizal was elected as the Responsible
 March 29, 1891- his departure from Biarrittz to Paris. He finished writing the
manuscript for El Filibusterismo.

 April 15, 1891- went back to Brussels where he was received by Suzanne.

 May 1 , 1891- he notified the Propaganda autorithies in Manila to cancel his

monthly allowance and devote the money to the education of the young
Filipino students I Europe.

 May 30, 1891- he almost completed the revision of El Filibusterismo and

readied it for printing.
 June 13, 1891- he was negotiating with a printing firm of his El Fili.

 July 5, 1891- he left Brussels for Ghent- a famous university in Belgium,

with his limited money, he boarded in a cheap house with Jose Alejandro.
He moved to Ghent because the cost of printing was cheaper than in
Brussels. And escaped the attraction of Suzanne.
 August 7, 1891- he received a letter from M.H del Pilar requesting him
continue writing for La Solidaridad, but Rizal declined he wanted the other
Filipinos to work for La Solidaridad and to leave del Pilar alone to direct the
policy in the newspaper and Rizal don’t want ro meddle in it.
 October 3, 1891- he left Ghent after the Publication of his El Fili.

 October 18, 1891- he was bound for Hongkong with him is 600 copies of the
El Fili. And a recommendation letter by Juan Luna for Manuel Camus, a
compatriot living in Hongkong.

 November 20 , 1891- he arrived at Hongkong , met his friends and opened

his medical clinic where he treated many patients.
 December 21, 1891- he wrote a letter to his parents asking permission to
returne home. Manuel Hidalgo sent rizal a letter about the sufferings of his
Family.

 December 24, 1891- the arrival of his father, brother and Silvestre Ulbaldo
in Hongkong. Afterwards his Mother, Sisters(Lucia, Josefina, and Trinidad)
 March 7, 1892- on board the ship Menon to negotiate with the British
Authorities regarding the establishment of the Filipino Colony. His mission
to Borneo was succesful because the Borneo Authorities was willing to give
the Filipino 10,000 areas of land, a beautiful harbor, and a good
government.

 April 20, 1892- he was back in Hongkong. His friend including Jaena
expressed his desire to join the colony. Hidalgo, objected to the colonization
project for it was anti-nationalistic or disloyal to have a colony.

 May 8, 1892- he wanted to go back to the Manila to confer with the

Governor Despujol regarding the Borneo colonization project and to
establish La Liga Filipina in Manila and to prove Eduardo de Lete was
wrong attacking him in Madrid that he being comfortable and safe in
Hongkong had abandoned the country’s cause.

 June 1892- he wrote “La Mano Roja” (The Red Hand ) in sheet form
denouncing the frequent outbreak of international fires in Manila.
 June 21, 1892- Rizal and Lucia left for Manila.The Spanish consul-general
who issued him a guarantee of safety informed Manila that the victim is on
trap. Hence, a secret case was filed in Manila against him.

J une 26, 1892- they arrived in Manila.