KASTURBA
INSTITUTE OF
TECHNOLOGY
MINOR
PROJECT
BURGLAR ALARM 1
PRESENTED
BY-
RIYA(1607151036)
2ND YEAR
MEDICAL ELECTRONICS
ROSHNI(1607151037)
2ND YEAR
MEDICAL ELECTRONICS
BURGLAR ALARM 2
ACKNOWLEDGEM
ENT
I would like to express my special
thanks of gratitude to my teacher
Mr. Manjeet sir, who gave me the
opportunity to do his wonderful
project of MINOR PROJECT.
Who also helped me in completing
my project. I came to know about
so many new things I am really
thankful to them.
Secondly I would also like to thank
my parents and friends who helped
me a lot in finalizing this project
within the limited time frame.
RIYA,ROSHNI
BURGLAR ALARM 3
BURGLAR
ALARM
BURGLAR ALARM 4
INTRODUCTION
A Burglar alarm system is
designed to detect an
unauthorized entry into a
house or area. Burglar
alarm systems can be used
in residential buildings,
offices, industries and even
in military locations. It is a
simple and efficient burglar
alarm using photo
transistor and an op-amp
comparator.
BURGLAR ALARM 5
COMPONENTS
REQUIRED:
LM358-1
IR Transmitter
or IR LED-1
Photo Diode-
1
10 K ohm-1
15 K ohm-1
10 K ohm
Potentiometer
-1
Buzzer-1
BURGLAR ALARM 6
COMPONENT
DESCRIPTION
• LM358: It is a dual op-amp IC. It
consists of two independent
operational amplifiers that can be
used separately. It is commonly used
in all op-amp circuits, transducer
amplifiers, active filters, general
signal conditioning and DC gain
blocks.
• IR Transmitter: Infrared or IR is a
range of light frequencies that have
longer wavelength than visible to
human eye. An IR Transmitter or IR
LED is a device that emits infrared
light.
BURGLAR ALARM 7
• Photo Diode: A photo diode is a
device that converts light to electrical
current. It is basically a PN junction
that operates in reverse bias
condition. When light falls on the
photo diode, a reverse bias current
flows in the junction that is
proportional to the luminescence of
the light.
• Buzzer: it is an alarming device that
makes a loud sound when current
flows through it.
BURGLAR ALARM 8
CIRCUIT
DIAGRAM OF
BURGLAR ALARM
BURGLAR ALARM 9
CIRCUIT DESIGN
OF BURGLAR
ALARM SYSTEM
The IR transmitter or IR LED is
connected to a current limiting
resistor of 150 ohm and connected to
supply. It is placed at the maximum
possible range from photo diode.
The cathode of the photo diode is
connected to supply while anode is
connected to 10K ohm resistor. Other
end of the resistor is connected to
pin5 of LM358 op-amp, which is the
non-inverting terminal.
BURGLAR ALARM 10
Wiper of the 10K ohm POT is connected
to the inverting terminal i.e. pin6 of
LM358 while the other two terminals
of the POT are connected to Vcc and
ground.
Pin 8 and 4 of LM358 are supply pins.
They are connected to Vcc and
ground respectively.
The output of the op-amp is taken at
pin7. one terminal of the buzzer is
connected to pin 7 of LM358 while the
other terminal is connected to Vcc.
BURGLAR ALARM 11
BURGLAR ALARM 12
WORKING
The aim of this project is to
implement a simple Burglar
Alarm System that can detect an
unauthorized entry by a burglar.
All the connections are made as
per circuit is as follows:
LM358 is configuration to work as
comparator in this project. When
the system is powered on, the IR
transmitter or IR LED emits
infrared light. This light falls on
the surface of the photo diode.
As it is connected in reverse bias
fashion, when the light falls on it,
it conducts and current flows
through it.
BURGLAR ALARM 13
Since it is connected to the non-
inverting terminal(pin5)of the op-
amp, output of the op-amp
comparator will be high. As the
buzzer is connected between Vcc and
output of op-amp, no alarm is made.
When an intruder or a burglar enters the
gap between the IR transmitter and
photo diode, the light falling on the
photo diode is interrupted and it
doesn’t conduct. As a result, the input
at non- inverting terminal(pin5).
Hence, the output of the comparator
is low. This will trigger the buzzer and
a loud alarm is made.
BURGLAR ALARM 14
Thank
you
BURGLAR ALARM 15
