UT Probe Dimensions

A European standards
A = 30 mm ϕ = 24 mm
B B = 59 mm
C = 45 mm
f = 2.0 MHz
North American Standards
C A = 31.5 mm ϕ = 25 mm
B = 30.5 mm
C = 25 mm
f = 2.25 MHz
ϕ = Effective element diameter
 Parameters of Probe:
• Resonant Frequency (f) = 2 MHz
• Sound velocity of Lead Zirconate titanate PZT (C) = 4000 m/sec
• wavelength of the probe (λ) = C / f = 2 mm
• Effective crystal thickness I = (λ/2) = 1 mm
• Matching plate thickness (λ/4) =0.5 mm 

• Near field of the transducer (N) = D2 /4*λ = 48 mm (here λ from test piece)
• Diameter of the transducer should much more greater than the Wavelength
of the probe, D >> λ.
• Acoustic impedance of the matching layer (Zm)
 Parameters of Probe:

• Zm = √(Zp * ZT )
• Zp = Acoustic impedance of Piezoelement =30*10 6 Kg/m2 sec
• ZT = Acoustic impedance of Test piece (steel) = 46.78*106 Kg/m2 sec
• standard block as 4340 vaccum melt steel density ρ = 7850 kg/m 3
longitudinal velocity of the block (a) = 5960 m/sec
Acoustic impedance of Test piece (Zp) = ρ*a = 46.78*106 Kg/m2 sec
• Acoustic impadence of matching plate (Zm) = 37.47*106 Kg/m2 sec
• At a given frequency, longer pulse length requires less damping and high Q factor to
get narrow bandwidth.
• Backing material should have pore diameter less, so that replicates less acoustic
attenuation for higher frequencies.
Parameters of Probe:

• selected backing material as tugnsten powder with epoxy in 4:1 ratio

• When selecting a specific freuency (f) for collection, it is important to
understand that generated pulse contains an envolope of frequencies
specific to its bandwidth.
• f bw = (4*fc ) / nc
where f bw = frequency bandwidth (from signal 3db points)
fc = centre frequency =2 MHz
nc = no. of cycles = 5
f bw = (4 * 2* 106 ) / 5 = 1.6 MHz
so, f1 = 2-0.8 =1.2 MHz & f2 = 2+0.8 =2.8 MHz