4 Models for Piezoelectric Transducers Used in Broadband

Ultrasonic Applications

( F L ¿) ( F B ¿) ¿ ¿ ¿
¿
V: Voltage across the electrodes of the transducer element.
I: Current through the electrodes of the transducer element.
FL: Force on the front face (radiating surface).
uL: Particle velocity at the front face.
FB: Force on the back face.
uB: Particle velocity at the back face
A: surface area

FL
Backing ZB
I -u L

ZG Electrical Piezoelectric Acoustic

Matching Active Matching ZL
V FL
VG Network Element Layers

Backing ZB
FL

ZL Acoustic Piezoelectric Electrical

Matching Active Matching Vr Zr
2FL
V Layers Element Network

Fig. Global scheme for the evaluation of broadband transducers in pulse-echo applications, including
electrical and acoustical matching sections

The reception transfer function:

FL ZL
=
VG ( A g Z L+ B g )+Z G (C g Z L + Dg )
The Transmission transfer function
Vr 2 Zr
=
FL ( A g Z L +B g )+ Zr (C g Z L+ Dg )