• CLASSIFICATION OF AREA :- FOR CENSUS PURPOSES, TOTAL
GEOGRAPHICAL AREA HAS BEEN BROADLY CLASSIFIED INTO RURAL AND
URBAN AREAS.
• URBAN AREA :- IN THE CENSUS OF INDIA 2011, THE DEFINATION OF URBAN AREA
IS GIVEN AS :-
ALL STATUTORY PLACES WITH A MUNICIPALITY, CORPORATION, CANTONMENT BOARD OR
NOTIFIED TOWN AREA COMMITTEE ETC.
A PLACE SATISFYING THE FOLLOWING THREE CRITERIA SIMULTANEOUSLY :-
1) A MINIMUM POPULATION OF 5000;
2) AT LEAST 75% OF MALE WORKING POPULATION ENGAGED IN NON- AGRICULTURAL
PURSUITS;
3) A DENSITY OF POPULATION OF AT LEAST 400 PERSON PER SQ. KM. (1000 PER SQ. MILE)
• STATUTORY TOWN :- ALL THE PLACES WITH A MUNICIPALITY, CORPORATION,
CANTONMENT BOARD OR NOTIFIED TOWN AREA COMMITTEE ETC.
• CENSUS TOWN :- A PLACE SATISFYING THE FOLLOWING THREE CRITERIA
SIMULTANEOUSLY :
1) A MINIMUM POPULATION OF 5000;
2) AT LEAST 75% OF MALE WORKING POPULATION ENGAGED IN NON- AGRICULTURAL
PURSUITS;
3) A DENSITY OF POPULATION OF AT LEAST 400 PERSON PER SQ. KM. (1000 PER SQ. MILE)
• OUT GROWTHS :- OUTGROWTH SHOULD BE A VIABLE UNIT SUCH AS VILLAGE OR
PART OF VILLAGE CONTINUOUS TO A STATUTORY TOWN AND POSSESS THE
URBAN FEATURE IN TERMS OF INFRASTRUCTUREAND AMINITIES SUCH AS PUCCA ROADS,
ELECTRICITY, TAPS, DRAINAGE SYSTEM, EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS, POST OFFICES,
MEDICAL FACILITIES, BANKS, ETC.
EXAMPLE OF OG’S ARE RAILWAY COLONIES, UNIVERSITY CAMPUSES, PORT AREAS, THAT
MAY COME UP NEAR A CITY OR STATUTORY TOWNS OUTSIDE ITS STATUTORY LIMITS BUT
WITHIN THE REVENUE LIMIT OF A VILLAGE OR VILLAGES CONTIGNUOUS TO THE TOWN OR
CITY.
• URBAN AGGLOMERATION :- IT IS A CONTINUOUS URBAN SPREAD
CONSTITUTING A TOWN AND ITS ADJOINING URBAN OUTGROWTHS OR TWO OR MORE
PHYSICALLY CONTIGUOUS TOWNS TOGETHER AND ANY ADJOINING URBAN OUT-
GROWTHS OF SUCH TOWNS.
• RURAL AREA :- ALL THE OTHER THAN URBAN ARE STATED RURAL.
• GROSS DENSITY :- THE NUMBER OF DWELLINGS PER HECTARE OF A GIVEN
LAND AREA, INCLUDING PUBLIC INFRASTRUCTURE SUCH AS ROADS, OPEN SPACES
AND IN SOME INSTANCES NON-RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT (E.G. – SCHOOLS AND
SHOPS).
* DWELLING MEANS A BUILDING OR PART OF A BUILDING USED AS A SELF-CONTAINED
RESIDENCE. THIS IS AT TIMES ALSO CALLED URBAN. DENSITY.
• NET DENSITY :- IT REFERS TO THE NUMBER OF DWELLINGS PER HECTARE ON
LAND SOLELY TO RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT. IT IS ALSO TERMED AS
RESIDENTIAL DENSITY.
• CONFORMING USE :- WHEN LAND IS EMPLOYED IN COMPLIANCE WITH ZONING
ORDINANCES IN A PARTICULAR AREA. ALL REAL PROPERTY THAT IS
PRIVATELY OWNED IS SUBJECT TO CERTAIN RESTRICTIONS OR LAND USE CONTROL.
• NON-CONFORMING USE :- IS A USE OF PROPERTY THAT WAS ALLOWED UNDER
THE ZONING REGULATIONS AT THE TIME THE USE WAS
ESTABLISHED BUT WHICH, BECAUSE OF SUBSEQUENT CHANGES IN THOSE
REGULATIONS, IS NO LONGER A PERMITTED USE OR WAS NEVER ALLOTED.
• CLASSIFICATION OF LAND :-
1) LEGAL BASIS OF LAND CLASSIFICATION :-
A) PUBLIC OWNED LAND :- HIGHWAYS, STREETS, PARKS , PUBLIC BUILDING SITES,
HARBOUR AND DOCK SITES ETC.
B) PRIVATE OWNED LAND :- ALL LAND NOT PUBLICALLY OWNED AND WHICH IS USED FOR
OR HOLD FOR POTENTIAL USE IN AGRICULTURE OR FOR RESIDENTIAL,
COMMERCIAL, INDUSTRIAL AND INSTITUTIONAL PURPOSE.
2) PHYSICAL BASIS OF LAND CLASSIFICATION :- ELEVATIONS, FERTILITY,
SUB-SOIL CONDITIONS, MINERAL DEPOSITS, WATER TABLE,
TOPOGRAPHY, DRAINAGE AND CLIMATE.
3) ECONOMIC BASIS OF LAND CLASSIFICATION :-
A) AGRICULTURE LAND :- FARMING, GRAZING, FORESTRY, WILDLIFE, HUNTING AND
FISHING ETC.
B) RESIDENTIAL LAND :- SINGLE FAMILY, DOUBLE/TWO FAMILY APARTMENTS ETC.
C) COMMERCIAL LAND :- RETAIL, WHOLESALE, WARE HOUSING, FINANCIAL, AMUSEMENT
ETC.
D) INDUSTRIAL LAND :- EXTRACTING, LIGHT MANUFACTURING, HEAVY MANUFACTURING,
ETC.
E) HIGHWAYS AND TRANSPORTATION :- RIGHT OF WAYS ETC.
F) PUBLIC UTILITIES AND SERVICES :- BURIAL GROUND, COMMUNITY CENTERS ETC.
• PLANNING :- THE PROCESS OF SETTING GOALS, DEVELOPING STRATEGIES, AND
OUTLINING TASKS AND SCHEDULES TO ACCOMPLISH THE GOALS.
•URBAN PLANNING :- IT IS A TECHNICAL AND POLITICAL PROCESS CONCERNED
WITH THE DEVELOPMENT AND USE OF LAND, PLANNING PERMISSION,
PROTECTION AND USE OF THE ENVIRONMENT, PUBLIC WELFARE, AND THE DESIGN OF
THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT, INCLUDING AIR, WATER, AND THE INFRASTRUCTURE PASSING
INTO AND OUT OF URBAN AREAS SUCH AS TRANSPORTATION, COMMUNICATIONS AND
DISTRIBUTION NETWORKS, ETC.
ITS GIVES ORDERLY DEVELOPMENT TO ALL URBAN SUB-URBAN AND RURAL AREAS.