Presentation on,

Micro-valves as a
component of Lab-On-a-
Chip devices.

Supervised by- Presented by-

Dr. Mst Fateha Md. Wasif Alam
Samad 4th year eve
Asst. Professor semester
Dept. of ETE,RUET Roll:144016
 Lab On a Chip: A Revolution in Bio-
medical Research

Performing laboratory
operations in a miniature scale.

Single Chip leading to a

handheld and portable device.

State of the art pathological

analysis on the go .
Fig. 1 : Lab-on-a-Chip Model [2] .
 Features of Lab-on-a-
Chip
--
BBiioo llooggyy
h hnnoo n
nssoorr
c
tteec e
BBiioosse

LAB-ON-a-CHIP
LAB-ON-a-CHIP

o fl
fluuid
idiiccss VLSI
VLSI
r
Miiccro
M

Software/
Software/
Simulation
Simulation Tools
Tools
MEMS,NEMS,
MEMS,NEMS,
MATLAB
MATLAB
Fig. 2 : Interdisiplinery field of Lab-on-a-Chip [2].
 Micro-
valve
Microscale valve

Basic Microfluidic device.

Used to control the fluidic

transport in Lab-On-a-Chip
devices.

Fig. 3 : Micro-valve in action

 Classification of Micro-
valves Magnetic
Electric
Mechanical
Piezoelectric
Thermal

Non- Phase
Active Change
Mechanical
Bi-stable

External Pneumatic
Micro-valve
Modular

Mechanical Check valve

Passive
Non-
Capillary
Mechanical
 Market Study and Commercial
prospect

46% 21% 19% 12% 2%

Micro- Medical Fluid Industria Inkjet
chemical Meters l Printe
Devices r
 Literature Review
Passive Non mechanical
Micro-valves

Fig. 4: Integrated Bio-Microfluidic package for DNA LOC Fig. 5: Integrated dome shaped diffuser Micro-valve [6]
application [3]. .
o Capillary o Diffuser micro-valve.
Electrophoresis micro-
valve. o Used in genetic sample
preparation system
 Active Mechanical Micro-
valve

Fig. 6: Laser actuated thermal bubble micro-valve Fig. 7: Movable Magnetic Micro-valve [8] .
[7] .
o Thermal micro- o Magnetic micro-
valve. valve.

o Uses laser o Uses a ferro-

induced bubble to magnetic ball as
 Active Non Mechanical
Micro-valve

Fig. 8 Integratable phase change Micro-valve [4]. Fig. 9: Structure of an On Chip control pad for bi-stable
valve switch [5] .
o Phase Change Micro- o Bi-stable Micro-valve
valve
o Used in ABO blood
o Uses Paraffin wax as typing diagnostic chip.
phase change material.
 Future Scopes

Synthetic Cellular
Stem Cell Drug
research Organs
Delivery
Research Goals
Designing a Capillary Electrophoresis micro-valve suitable
for LOC devices .

Minimizing its energy consumption for better performance .

Mitigating the limitations like changing pH-gradient due to

electrophoresis itself.
Why Electrophoresis Capillary ?
Separation efficiency is very high.

Velocity of the fluid remains uniform across the valve.

Temparature difference across the valve is minimum.

 Challenges
Cost reduction .

Sophisticated fabrication process .

 Conclusion
The development of micro-valves has been progressing
rapidly in recent years.

There is an abundance of room for improving the

performance of the micro-valves and making them cost
effective for further commercialization.

In addition to the LOC applications, the micro-valves will

become building blocks in high throughput microfluidic
platforms for stem cell study or drug discovery.
Reference
[1] Kwang W Oh , Chong H Ahn, “A review of microvalves”,JOURNAL OF MICROMECHANICS AND
MICROENGINEERING.
[2] Shagun Gupta, Kritika Ramesh, Suhaib Ahmed* and Vipan Kakkar, “Lab-on-Chip Technology: A
Review on Design Trends and Future Scope in Biomedical Applications”,International Journal of Bio-
Science and Bio-Technology Vol.8, No.5 (2016)
[3] Ling Xie, L.W. Guo, and YC. Tai, “Development of an Integrated Bio-Microfluidic Package with Micro-
Valves and Reservoirs for a DNA Lab on a Chip (LOC) Application”.
[4] Bozhi Yang ,Qiao Lin, “A Latchable Phase-Change Microvalve With Integrated Heaters”,JOURNAL OF
MICROELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS, VOL. 18, NO. 4, AUGUST 2009.
[ 5] A. Chen,T. Pan, “ON-CHIP CONTROL OF PNEUMATIC-BASED BISTABLE VALVE SWITCH”,JOURNAL OF
MICROMECHANICS AND MICROENGINEERING.
[6] U. Shauffer,Mark Heuck, “A FULLY AUTOMATED MICRO-SOLID PHASE EXTRACTION CHIP FOR
GENETIC SAMPLE PREPARATION SYSTEM”,International Journal of Bio-Science and Bio-Technology Vol.8,
No.5 (2016)
[7] Aoqun Jian, Kai Zhang, “LASER-ACTUATED MICRO-VALVES AND MICRO-PUMPS”,International Journal
of Microengineering.
[8] Dino Carpentras, Lawrence Kulinsky, and Marc Madou, “A Novel Magnetic Active Valve for Lab-on-CD
Technology”, JOURNAL OF MICROMECHANICS AND MICROENGINEERING.