C. K.

Pithawala College Of Engineering & Technology

Coplanar Concurrent Forces

Group Members :-

1. Anajwala Parth A. - 160093106001

2. Bhagat Harsh G. - 160093106002
3. Kotak Jeet L. - 160093106005
4. Sapariya Kuldeep K. - 160093106010
5. Vaidya Yash D. - 160093106014
 CONTENTS : -
 Introduction
 Equilibrium Conditions
 Resultant of Coplanar Concurrent Forces System

1. Analytical Method
2. Graphical Method
 Lami’s Theorm
 INTRODUCTION : -

 Coplanar Concurrent Forces :-

The forces which meet at one point and their lines of action also lies on the
same plane are known as coplanar concurrent forces.
 EQUILIBRIUM CONDITIONS : -
 If a system of forces acting on a body, keeps the body in a state of rest or in a
state of uniform motion, then the system of forces is said to be in
equilibrium.

 Alternatively, we can say that the resultant force is zero, the system of forces
will be in equilibrium.
1) The Coplanar Concurrent Force is said to be in equilibrium condition if it
satisfies following conditions :-

H = 0 and V = 0

2) Algebraic sum of components of all the forces of the system, along two
mutually perpendicular directions, is ZERO.
 RESULTANT OF COPLANAR CONCURRENT
FORCES SYSTEM : -

 A resultant force is the single force and

associated torque obtained by
combining a system of forces and
torques acting on a rigid body.

 The defining feature of a resultant

force is that it has the same effect on the
rigid body as the other original system
of forces.
 The Methods to find out Resultant Force : -

Methods Of
Resultant
force

Analytical Graphical
Methods Methods

Parallelogram Resolution of Triangle law Polygon law Triangle

law of Force Forces of Forces of Forces of For
 PARALLELOGRAM LAW OF FORCES : -

If two forces, acting at a point, are

represented in magnitude and direction by
the two sides of a parallelogram drawn from
one of its angular points, their resultant is
represented both in magnitude and direction
by the diagonal of the parallelogram passing
through that angular point.

R = √(P2 + Q2 + 2PQcosθ)
 tan α = Qsinθ / (P + Qcosθ)
 RESOLUTION OF FORCES : -
 The process of splitting up the given force in two or more components, in
particular direction, without changing effect on the body is called resolution
of a force.
 Generally a given force is split up in two manually perpendicular force
components,
1. Horizontal components ( x-components )
2. Vertical components ( y-components ).
 TRIANGLE LAW OF FORCES : -
 If two forces acting on a body, it can represented by two adjacent sides of
triangle with magnitude and directions and resultant can be given by other
side of triangle; which is the statement of law of triangle.
 Assume that, we have a pair of forces acting on a point than Triangle law of
forces can be applied as,

R = √(P2 + Q2 - 2PQcosβ)
 α = sin−1 (Q/R . sinβ)
 Graphically,

Triangle Law of Forces can be represented by taking two forces at two

adjacent sides of triangle, which are acting on a body or particle and the
resultant force can be represented by the other side of the triangle. The angle
can be also obtained from figure by using specific instrument.
 POLYGON LAW OF FORCES : -

 If a number of forces acting at a point be

represented in magnitude and direction by
the sides of polygon taken in order, then
the resultant of all these forces may be
represented in magnitude and direction by
the closing side of polygon taken in
opposite order.
 Graphically ,
It can be represented by making a polygon as shown as shown in
figure.
 GRAPHICAL METHOD : -
 Resultant of Coplanar Concurrent Forces can be graphically represented by
using Space diagram and Vector diagram.

1. Space Diagram : - If a force acting in a system are represented by

direction in the form of diagram by denoting every force with specific
character , the diagram is known as space diagram.
2. Vector Diagram : - A space diagram of coplanar concurrent forces with
magnitude and direction of all forces, the diagram is known as vector
diagram.
 LAMI’S THEORM : -

If three coplanar forces acting at a point be in

equilibrium, then each force is proportional to the
sine of angle between the other two.

P/(sinα) = Q/(sinβ) = R / (sinθ)

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