Atoms -the smallest particle

Particles Composing Matter

Molecules- Ions-particles with

composed of
atoms
charges
 Ta b le 1.1
Physic a l Prope rtie s of Some Substa nc e s
Substa nc e Sta te Color Me lting Point ( o C) Boling Point ( o C)
Bro m ine Ga s Bro wnish Re d -7 59
Oxyg e n Ga s C o lo rle ss -219 -183
Me rc ury Liq uid Silve ry White -39 257
Wa te r Liq uid C o lo rle ss 0 100
G o ld So lid Ye llo w 1064 2856
So d ium C hlo rid e So lid White 801 1413
 MATTER Based on the number of components present

Based on uniformity of
composition and properties

Based on the number of kinds of

Pure Substance atoms presents Mixtures

Heterogeneous Homogeneous
Elements Compounds
Mixtures Mixtures
 Ta b le 1.2
Mo st Ab und a nt Ele m e nts in the Hum a n Bo d y
Ele m e nt Sym b o l Pe rc e nt b y m a ss Func tio ns
O xyg e n O 65. 0 u se d fo r c e llula r re sp ira tio n
C a rb o n C 18.0 b a sic b u ild in g b lo c ks o f m o st c e lls in th e b o d y
Hyd ro g e n H 10.0 m a in ly fo un d in th e b o d y a s w a te r, w h ic h c o m p rise s th e b o d y
flu id s
Nitro g e n N 3.0 m a ke s u p th e p ro te in s a n d n u c le ic a c id s
C a lc iu m Ca 1.5 fo u n d in c o m p o un d s th a t m a ke u p the b o n e s, te e th , a n d
b o d y flu id s
Ph o sp h o ru s P 1.0 p re se n t in th e ATP m o le c u le , th e e n e rg y c u rre n c y o f th e b o d y
Po ta ssiu m K 0.25 m a jo r c o m p o n e n t o f c e llu la r flu id ; in vo lve d in tra n sm issio n o f
n e rve im p u lse s
Su lfu r S 0.25 fo u n d in a m in o a c id s th a t m a ke u p p ro te in s