Prevention and Control of

Non-Communicable Diseases

LIFESTYLE-RELATED DISEASES
CHRONIC DISEASES
 LIFESTYLE RELATED DISEASES
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is a medical condition
• Which is not infectious
• With long duration
• Relatively slow in progress
• Which a person is unaware of the disease otherwise examined
• A silent killer of people
 FOR THE PAST 10 YEARS
8 OUT OF THE 10 LEADING
CAUSES OF MORBIDITY
AND MORTALITY
IN REGION I
HAD BEEN DUE TO
LIFESTYLE-RELATED
DISEASES (LRDS)
 Lifestyle
Related
Diseases

THE COMMON
RISK
FA C T O R S
AMONG
FILIPINOS
 SMOKING
Philippines- 2nd highest
smoking prevalence rate
in Asia

Filipinos 10•
die every hour from •
tobacco-related diseases

Every cigarette takes 7

minutes off your life
• Global Adult Tobacco
Survey (2009): 28.3%
of total adults smoke
(17.3M)
 14.6M males
 2.8M females
  Philippines’ Global Youth
Tobacco Survey (2009)
 57.7% of students live in
homes where others smoke
 68.1% students are exposed
to smoke around others
outside the home
 56.3% have parents who
smokes
 8.6% of students were offered
free cigarettes by a tobacco
company representative
 Second Hand Smoke

• Studies have shown that exposure for as little as 8 to 20

minutes causes physical reactions linked to heart disease
and stroke
 ILL EFFECTS OF SMOKING

• In the 20th century, the tobacco epidemic killed

100 million people worldwide.

During the 21st century, it could kill one billion.

Smoking is ugly.
Bad skin and premature
wrinking.

Bad breath.

Discoloured teeth.

Blood-shot eyes.
 CU R REN T E FFORTS IN
TOBACCO PREVENTION AND CONTROL

Republic Act 9211 (Tobacco

Regulation Act) aimed to:
- Promote smoke-free areas
- Inform public of the health risks of
tobacco use
- Ban all tobacco advertisement
and sponsorship and restrict
promotions
- Regulate labelling of tobacco products
- Protect youth from being initiated
to smoking
Support the 100%
smoke-free
environment
 • MINORS are not allowed to
SELL, DISTRIBUTE and PURCHASE cigarettes
or
any tobacco product.

• The sale or distribution of

tobacco products is PROHIBITED WITHIN
100 METERS from any point of the perimeter of a
school, playground, or other facility frequented by
minors.
• Absolute prohibition of smoking in premises,
buildings, and grounds of government agencies
providing health, education/or social welfare and
development services such as hospitals, health
centers, schools and universities and colleges
– Not even a Smoking Area is allowed here.
Assessment of Obesity
HYPERTENSION
also known as high blood pressure (HBP), is a long-term
medical condition in which the blood pressure in the
arteries is persistently elevated.
Diabetes Mellitus
 Diabetes
Complications
• To combat non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in the Philippines,
patients can avail themselves of free maintenance medicines.
• Patients must go to the nearest health center or primary health care
facility and undergo assessment, screening, and management
through the Philippine Package of Essential NCD Intervention
protocol.
• Once diagnosed with hypertension or diabetes, or both, the patient
can access the following medicines:
• For hypertension: Losartan, Amlodipine
• For diabetes: Metformin
CANCER group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the
potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body.

Possible signs and symptoms include:

• lump
• abnormal bleeding
• prolonged cough
• unexplained weight loss
• change in bowel movements. 
 WHO’S APPROACH TO CANCER HAS 4
PILLARS:

1. Prevention
2. Screening
3. Early Detection
4. Treatment
Common Screening Tests for Cancer
BREAST CANCER
Breast cancer is a type of cancer that
starts in the breast.

Breast cancer cells usually form a

tumor that can often be seen on an x-
ray or felt as a lump. Breast cancer
occurs almost entirely in women,
but men can get breast cancer, too.
 RISK FACTORS

• Getting older. 
• Reproductive history. 
• Personal history of breast cancer or certain non-cancerous
breast diseases. 
• Family history of breast cancer. 
• Not being physically active. 
• Being overweight or obese. 
• Drinking alcohol. 
 Symptoms

• New lump in the breast or underarm (armpit).

• Thickening or swelling of part of the breast.
• Irritation or dimpling of breast skin.
• Pulling in of the nipple or pain in the nipple Nipple changes

area.
• Nipple discharge other than breast milk,
including blood.
• Any change in the size or the shape of the
breast.
 PREVENTION
•Ask your doctor about breast cancer screening. Discuss with your
doctor about screening exams and tests, such as mammograms.

•Become familiar with your breasts through breast self-exam for

breast awareness.  If there is a new change, lumps or other unusual
signs in your breasts, talk to your doctor promptly.

•Exercise most days of the week. 

•Maintain a healthy weight. 

•Choose a healthy diet.

•A
 BREAST SELF-EXAM for
breast awareness is an
inspection of your breasts that
you do on your own. To help
increase your breast awareness,
you use your eyes and hands to
determine if there are any
changes to the look and feel of
your breasts.
 The 8 Healthy Habits
1. I don’t smoke!
2. I don’t drink alcohol!
3. I don’t take illegal drugs!
4. I don’t eat foods that are too fatty, salty,
and sweet!
5. I keep my blood pressure normal!
6. I exercise a minimum of 30 minutes
daily!
7. I pray, I laugh, I play!
8. I drink eight (8) glasses or more of water
daily!
Thank You!