WELCOME TO ENGLISH

GRAMMAR DOMAIN
By
Musim, S.S., M.Hum
Starting points to learn English
Traditional way, learning English is begun with the
category of words in a complete sentence. It discusses
the elements of sentences based on the function of the
words.
The category is divided into eight (8) parts of speech,
such as: Noun, pronoun, Verb, Adjective, Adverb,
preposition, conjunction and interjection.
They have their own function in the sentences, such as:
subjects, verb, object, or complements
The most common form of sentence is
patterned S + V + O/C
e.g.
The doctor makes the prescription to
the nurse.
Carnivorous plants trap insects to
obtain nitrogen.
The doctor is very friendly
To begin, let’s see the following
questions.
1. ______ range in color from yellow to bright orange.
a. Canaries c. That canaries
b. Canaries which d. Canaries that are
2. Carnivorous plants _______ insects to obtain nitrogen
a. are generally trapped c. are trapped generally
b. trap generally d. generally trap
3. A federal type of government results in _____
a. a vertical distribution of power
b. power is distributed vertically
c. vertically distributed
d. the distribution of power is vertical
4. February normally has twenty-eight days but every fourth
year _____ has twenty-nine.
a. three c. is leap year
b. its d. a leap year it
5.Evidence suggests that one quarter of operations _____
bypass surgery may be unnecessary.
a. they involve c. involving
b. involve d. which they involve
The most common form of sentence is
patterned S + V + O/C
Subject Verb(s) O/C

The university sent a letter to Tim

John showed his friend the letter.

The league may elect Hirako its president

The Kerimskys found their new home strange

A federal type of government results in a vertical distribution of

power
Carnivorous plants generally trap insects to obtain nitrogen

Canaries range in color from yellow to bright

orange
 What is a Preposition?
 A preposition links nouns, pronouns and phrases to other words in a sentence. The word or phrase that the preposition introduces is called the object
of the preposition.

Prep+Noun
He put the bag under the dirty floor
 A preposition usually indicates the temporal, spatial or logical relationship of its object to the rest of
the sentence as in the following examples:
 The book is on the table.
 The book is beneath the table.
 The book is leaning against the table.
 The book is beside the table.
 She held the book over the table.
 She read the book during class.
 In each of the preceding sentences, a preposition locates the noun "book" in space or in time.
 I have been ill for a month.

 A prepositional phrase is made up of the preposition, its object

and any associated adjectives or adverbs. A prepositional phrase
can function as a noun, an adjective, or an adverb.
 The building behind the bar is a hotel.
 I am sorry for leaving you.
 I am sorry for leave you. False sentence

 The most common prepositions are "about," "above," "across,"

"after," "against," "along," "among," "around," "at," "before,"
"behind," "below," "beneath," "beside," "between," "beyond,"
"but," "by," "despite," "down," "during," "except," "for," "from,"
"in," "inside," "into," "like," "near," "of," "off," "on," "onto,"
"out," "outside," "over," "past," "since," "through," "throughout,"
"till," "to," "toward," "under," "underneath," "until," "up,"
"upon," "with," "within," and "without."
 Each of the highlighted words in the following sentences is a
preposition:
 The children climbed the mountain without fear.