THE THEORY OF RELATIVITY

Introduction To Relativity

 The Era of Modern Physics

 Basic ideas about relativity

 Short history
 Types of Relativity

 Special Theory of relativity

 General theory Of relativity

 A little Preview
• Special Theory
Published in 1905 by Albert Einstein

relationship between space and time

Uniform Motion
General Theory
Published in 1915 by Albert Einstein

 Generalizes special relativity and Newton’s law of universal

gravitation

 Providing a unified description of gravity as a geometric

property of spacetime
 The Two Laws
 The First Law

 The Second Law

The Galilean Transformation
The Lorentz Transformation
 The application of the Lorentz
Transformation
 Relativity of Time : Time Dilation

 Relativity of Length : Length Contraction

 Relativity of mass
 Solving the problems

Back after 50 Years!!! Too fast too furious!!!

 Correspondence Principles

 The Correspondence Principle says that for large orbits

and for large energies, quantum calculations must agree
with classical calculations.

The principle was formulated by Niels Bohr in 1920

Started to work on it in 1907

 Finalized it after world war II

Conservation of mass and energy

 Beware The Atom Bomb!!
Atom bomb and E=mc2

OMG
!!!!!

It’s 540000000000000000000 Joules!!!!!

 Arrival of the General!!

 Discusses about singularity, black hole,

cosmology, time travel, string theory

 Astrophysical implications

 Basis of current cosmological models of

consistently expanding universe
 History & Others
• Published in 1915

• Superior to Newtonian gravity

• Combines the theoretical physics and astrophysics

• The golden age of General relativity

From classical Mechanics
To General Relativity

• An observer will see

a ball fall the same
way in a rocket (left)
as it does on Earth
(right), provided
that the acceleration
of the rocket is
equal to 9.8 m/s2
(the acceleration
due to gravity at the
surface of the
Earth).
Consequences Of Einstein’s Theory

Gravitational time dilation

and frequency shift
• Schematic
representation of the
gravitational redshift of
a light wave escaping
from the surface of a
massive body
Consequences Of Einstein’s Theory

Light deflection and

gravitational time delay

• Deflection of light
(sent out from the
location shown in
blue) near a compact
body (shown in gray)
Consequences Of Einstein’s Theory

Gravitational waves
• Gravitational • These ripples would
waves are 'ripples' travel at the speed of
in the fabric of light through the
space-time caused Universe, carrying
by some of the with them
most violent and information about
energetic their cataclysmic
processes in the origins
Universe
 Cosmology

 Cosmology

 The Theory of
everything!!
 Black holes and other compact objects

• Life of a star

• Black hole

• Singularity
 Current status
• Dark energy and dark matter

• Gravitational waves

• And so on…….
Time Travel: Myth or Reality!!

YES,IT’S POSSIBLE!!!

NO,IT’S NOT!!!

OH NO,IT’S REALLY POSSIBLE!!!

NO,NOT AGAIN!!!
 Things we skipped
(WE ARE SORRY!!)
String Theory

Einstein’s field equation

Gravitational lensing

The early stage of universe

 Our purpose and conclusion
o To grow the interest about this historical topic

o Overcoming the fear of the theory

o Unlocking a new door to universe to you

THE MIND GAME PARADOX

“ I LIE “
THANK YOU