Stages of Growth and Development

in
All Dimensions
Growth and development are characteristics of
life – from the single cell bacteria up to the
complex human being.

Referring to the previous definition of health as the

complete or general conditions of physical, mental,
emotional, and social well being; the stages of
growth and development will be discussed
anchored to those dimensions.
 Think and Learn
1. Cite a specific situation or example which
states the comparison of growth and development.
________________________________________
________________________
2. Does growth and development happen at the
same time? Justify your answer.

________________________________________
________________________
Growth
 is physical change and increase
in size
 can be measured quantitatively
 indicators of growth include
height, weight, bone size, and
dentition
 growth rates vary during
different stages of growth and
development.
 (rapid growth rate during
prenatal, neonatal,and
adolescent slows down during
childhood, and very minimal
during adulthood.
Development
 Is an increase in the
complexity of function
and skill progression
 Is the capacity and skill of
a person to adapt to the
environment
 Is the behavior aspect of
growth
In the field of science, human growth and
development started during the
Implantation in the uterus until adulthood.
Upon the onset of life (fertilization), growth
has already taken place inside the womb.

The stages of human growth and

development are explained in science
through physiological, anatomical and
morphological aspects.
 STAGES CHARACTERISTICS REMARKABLE
CHANGES
Early Development Characterized by the growth Rapid growth and
1-3 month old of embryo inside the uterus development of the body.
(inside the womb)

Later Development Characterized by the growth Rapid growth and

4-9 month old of fetus inside the uterus development of the body.
( inside the womb) until 9 months

Infancy Rapid growth and

Newborn baby until Oral-sensory Stage development of
5 years Old psychomotor skills from
crawling to walking
Childhood This stage is characterized
Early childhood from 2 years Operational Stage by slowing down in physical
old- 6 years old From weaning to the end of growth but the motor
Late Childhood from 7-11 years brain growth coordination and language
old are slowly being perfected.
 STAGES CHARACTERISTICS
This is characterized by
Adolescent from 12 years old to growth spurt or rapid
19 years old physical change. The
“awkward stage” which
starts from the age of puberty
until adolescent
REMARKABLE
CHANGES
This is the stage wherein
secondary sexual
characteristics start to grow
and develop. The following
characteristics and
manifested:
Increase in height and
weight
changes in the body
structure
Appearance of hair in the
arms, legs, and armpits
Production of excessive oil
Figure 11.19 Physical development at puberty
 STAGES CHARACTERISTICS REMARKABLE
CHANGES

BOYS
Broadening of the shoulders
Voice becomes husky and
low
Occurrence of wet dreams

This is characterized by GIRLS

Adolescent from 12 years old to growth spurt or sudden rapid Widening of the hips
19 years old physical change or growth. Enlargement of the breast
The “awkward stage” which Menstruation cycle starts
starts from the age of puberty
until adolescent
 STAGES CHARACTERISTICS REMARKABLE
CHANGES
This is the stage wherein the
brain cells are fully
developed and all the motor
skills are at its peak.

At the onset of late

adulthood physical health
Physical growth is already (motor skills, mental ability)
Adulthood attained at this stage. Can starts to decline.
Early adulthood: further be classified into
20-30 years Old early , middle, and late
adulthood.
Middle adulthood:
31-40 years Old

Late adulthood:
41 – old age
Answer the following questions in one
to two sentences:
1. Cite some proof that you have already
grown-up?
______________________________
______________________________
2. What do you feel towards the changes in
you body? Why?
_______________________________
_______________________________
 Challenge Question
• 1.What is puberty?

• 2. Why growth spurts can cause some adolescents

to feel awkward?

• 3.What are the positive and negative changes that

may occur during puberty? List three positive
changes and three negative changes.

• 4.How will you cope of the changes during puberty?

Physical Changes
 There is a rapid increase in height and weight.
 Changes in circulatory and respiratory systems.
 Body composition
 There is a sudden increase in hormone production
 Bones become harder and more brittle.
 Sweat and oil glands become more active.
 Primary sex characteristics are changes directly related to
sexual reproduction.
 Secondary sex characteristics are changes not directly to
sexual reproduction.
Mental or Intellectual Changes
 The adolescents make better decisions because they can evaluate
risks and reward better.
 Adolescents have a tendency to become bored with routine
activities. They need to be challenged.
 Adolescents are already capable of thinking deeply. This helps
them understand proverbs, poems and figure of speech.
 Adolescents also think less of themselves. This allows them to
think and reason better. This also makes them good debaters,
since they can reason out against what a friend or an adult thinks.
 There is also an improvement in adolescents’ memory and speed
in thinking.
Emotional Changes
 Adolescents are more responsive to rewards and stress.
 Adolescents are more emotional and this makes them open to being
hurt or in danger.
 Adolescents boys are also sexually active; therefore, they are prone
to participate in risky behavior.
 Due to sudden increase in the manufacture of hormones, adolescent
boys become more aggressive.
 Adolescents girls become self-conscious because of the changes that
are happening to them. These also give them a feeling of insecurity.
 Early maturing boys are usually taller and stronger, they have a
good body image, so they are more confident, secure and
independent.
Social Changes
 Adolescents are very self-conscious.
 Adolescents enjoy being with friends , so they stay longer with
them after school. They also enjoy choosing clothes to wear.
They also crave for privacy which tend to begin locking their
bedroom doors.
 Young adolescents choose friends who share the same interest
with them.
 They may begin to keep a journal.
 Adolescents who grow up with family members showing love,
guidance and support for each other are less likely to get involved
with bad company and engage in fights, vandalism. Smoking,
drinking or drug sessions.
Moral-spiritual Changes
 Adolescents begin analyzing themselves during this stage. They
try to find out who they really are and analyze their strengths and
weaknesses. As a result, they understand themselves better and
learn to accept and like themselves., including their weaknesses.
 The development of their intellectual ability makes adolescents
less accepting of what others say. They learn to question what
others say. They try to get to the bottom of things- trying to find
out what to believe in and what to doubt.
 They learn that house rules imposed by their parents are there to
promote order and harmony at home.