TRIP P IN G A ND C O N TR O L

OF IM P U L S E G EN ER A T OR
Y : INT A PA ,NEL SON JR.G.
REPORT B
TRIPPING AND CONTROL OF IMPULSE GENERATORS
• IN LARGE IMPULSE GENERATORS, THE SPARK GAPS ARE GENERALLY SPHERE
GAPS OR GAPS FORMED BY HEMISPHERICAL ELECTRODES.
• THE GAPS ARE ARRANGED SUCH THAT SPARKING OF ONE GAP RESULTS IN
AUTOMATIC SPARKING OF OTHER GAPS AS OVERVOLTAGE IS IMPRESSED ON THE
OTHER.
• A SIMPLE METHOD OF CONTROLLED TRIPPING CONSIST OF MAKING THE FIRST
GAP A THREE ELECTRODE GAP AND FIRING IR FROM A CONTROLLED SOURCE.
 TRIPPING AND CONTROL
• THE FIRST STAGE OF IMPULSE GENERATOR IS FITTED WITH A THREE ELECTRODE GAP, CENTRAL
ELECTRODE IS MAINTAINED AT POTENTIAL IN BETWEEN THAT OF THE TOP AND BOTTOM ELECTRODE
WITH RESISTOR R1 AND R1.

• THE TRIPPING IS INITIATED BY APPLYING A PULSE TO THE THYRATRON G BY CLOSING THE SWITCH S.
• THE CAPACITOR C PRODUCES AN EXPONENTIALLY DECAYING PULSE OF POSITIVE POLARITY.
• THE THYRATRON CONDUCTS ON RECEIVING THE PULSE FROM THE SWITCH S AND PRODUCES A
NEGATIVE PULSE THROUGH THE CAPACITANCE C1 AT THE CENTRAL ELECTRODE OF THE THREE ELECTRODE
GAP.

• THE VOLTAGE BETWEEN THE CENTRAL ELECTRODE AND THE TOP ELECTRODE OF THE THREE ELECTRODE
GAP GOES ABOVE ITS SPARKING POTENTIAL AND THUS THE GAP CONDUCTS.
TRIGATRON
TRIPPING CIRCUIT USING A TRIGATRON

• TRIPPING OF THE IMPULSE GENERATOR IS EFFECTED BY TRIP PULSE WHICH PRODUCE

SPARK BETWEEN THE TRIGGER ELECTRODE AND THE EARTHED SPHERE.

• DUE TO SPACE CHARGE EFFECTS AND DISTORTION OF THE FIELD IN THE MAIN GAP,
SPARK OVER OF THE MAIN GAP OCCURS AND ITS POLARITY SENSITIVE.

• THIS REQUIRES MUCH SMALLER VOLTAGE FOR OPERATION COMPARED TO THREE

ELECTRODE GAP
In the case of impulse
current generators using
three electrode gaps for
tripping and control, a
certain special design is
needed. The electrodes
have to carry high current
from the capacitor bank.
Secondly, the electrode has
to switch large currents in
a small duration of time
(in about a microsecond).
CATHODE RAY OSCILLOSCOPE
• THE CATHODE-RAY OSCILLOSCOPE (CRO) IS A COMMON LABORATORY INSTRUMENT THAT PROVIDES
ACCURATE TIME AND AMPLITUDE MEASUREMENTS OF VOLTAGE SIGNALS OVER A WIDE RANGE OF
FREQUENCIES. ITS RELIABILITY, STABILITY, AND EASE OF OPERATION MAKE IT SUITABLE AS A GENERAL
PURPOSE LABORATORY INSTRUMENT.
The heart of the CRO is a cathode-ray tube shown schematically in Fig.
THANK YOU FOR LISTENING
REFERENCE

• HTTP://BOSON.PHYSICS.SC.EDU/~HOSKINS/DEMOS/CATHODERAY.HTML
• HTTPS://WWW.BRAINKART.COM/ARTICLE/TRIPPING-AND-CONTROL-OF-IMPULSE-GENERATORS_12908
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