INTRODUCTION TO

ELECTRICITY
Presented by:
Mr. Jayson Platino
Electricity
Is the form of energy
generated by friction,
induction or chemical
change having magnetic,
chemical and radiant
effect.
Electricity

In short electricity is
electron in motion
Electricity
Electricity is one of the most
useful discovery of man which
paved the way to the numerous
inventions from the simple tools
to the most sophisticated gadgets
making what originally seemed to
be impossible become a reality
Contrary to some
belief, electricity is
not new. It has
been here with us
ever since and its
existence is as old
as the universe.
Accidentally discovered by the
ancient Greeks sometimes in 600
B.C. However, the title of “ Father
of Electricity” was accredited to
William Gilbert an English
Physicist, after publishing his
studies on the “ Electric
Attraction and The Electric Force.
Structure of an atom
Electricity is a
property of the basic
particles of matter
which like an atom,
consists of
a) Electron
b) Proton
c) Neutron
Electron
negatively charged
particle of an atom
which is sometimes
referred to as the
negative charge of
electricity.
Proton
positively charged
particle of an atom
which is sometimes
referred to as the
positive charge of
electricity that
weights about 1850
times as much as
the electron.
Neutron
particle which is not
electrically charged and
weights slightly more
than the proton.
 Electricity summary
That all matters are made up of
molecules.
That the molecules are made up of atoms.
That the atom contains neutrons,
electrons and protons.
That the neutron is neutral, hence,
neither positively nor negatively charged.
That the electron of an atom of any
substance could be transformed to another
 Definition of terms
Ion is term applied to an atom
or molecule which is not
electrically balanced.
Simply mean that, there is a loss
or gain of one or more electrons.
Ions occur when the electrons in
the atom is loosened through
friction by another atom
Volt or Voltage
Is the electrical pressure
that cause the electrons
to move through a
conductor.
In short, voltage is the
electromotive force.
Named after Alessandro
Volta an Italian scientist
Ampere
Is the standard
unit used in
measuring the
strength of an
electric current
Named after
Andre Marie
Ampere
 Watt
Is the rate or measure
of power used to
consumed
It represent the
equivalent heat volts
and ampere consumed
by bulbs or appliances.
 Resistance
Is the
opposition or
friction to the
flow of current.
Used to
control the
current.
electric current
Is the flow or rate of flow
of electric force in a
conductor.
A current will only flow
if a circuit is formed
comprising a complete
loop of the circuit.
electric current is classified as:
Direct current Electricity
flow only in one
direction.
The flow is said to be
from negative to positive
Common source of a
direct current is dry cell
or storage battery
alternating current
Electricity constantly
reverse its direction of
flow.
Type of electricity is
generated by machines
called ac generator
It is universally accepted
due to its unlimited
number of applications.
Alternating Current Frequency-
or voltage - is a number of times
current or voltage this cycle of plus
that changes in
and minus loop
strength according
to a sine curve. occur per second.
An alternating Hertz- expressed
current (AC) in cycles per
reverses its polarity second.
on each alternation 220 volts / 60 hz
and reverses its
Named after
direction of flow for
each alternation. H.R. hertz